생산검층 기반의 다상유동 시뮬레이션을 통한 다층 가스 저류층의지층수 생산 예측
Prediction of Water Production in Multi-layer Gas Reservoirs by Production Logging-based Multi-phase Flow Simulation
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초록
가스 저류층 하부에 대수층 존재 시 가스 생산이 진행될수록 유체경계면이 상부로 이동하면서 지층수 생산은 불가피하다. 특히 다층 저류층 환경에서는 층간유동 및 물막힘(water blockage) 현상 등으로 인해 가스 생산성이 저하될 수도 있다. 심지어 가스 유량이 충분한 유속을 갖지 못할 경우 액체집적(liquid loading) 현상으로 인해 생산이 중단될 수도 있으므로 지층수에 대한 철저한 관리가 필수적이다. 이 연구에서는 다중센서로 측정된 다상유동 생산검층자료를 기반으로 다층 가스 저류층의 층별 생산성과 관내압력손실을 모사하는 다상유동 시뮬레이션 모델을 구축하고 현장 유량시험자료를 이용하여 검증하였다. 다양한 생산정 운영조건에서의 물 생산비에 대한 민감도 분석을 통해향후 가스 생산거동, 지층수 차단시점 및 차단효과를 예측하고 생산정 운영방안에 대한 가이드라인을 제시하였다.
Abstract
In case an aquifer exists underneath a gas reservoir, water production is difficult to avoid as a fluid contact rises up by gas production. Especially in multi-layer gas reservoirs, gas productivity could be dramatically reduced by water production due to inter-reservoir crossflow or near-well water blockage. The well could be even killed if gas production rate is less than the minimum velocity to prevent liquid loading. Therefore, water production control is essential in terms of reservoir management. In this study, production logging data acquired by multi-sensor logging tool is used to estimate the productivity of each zone and to select the best matched flow correlation. Then, the results are utilized to construct a multiphase flow model and the model is validated with well test data. A sensitivity analysis for water cut is carried out under various operation conditions in order to estimate gas production performance and to predict the effect of water shutoff in the future and, as a result, the guideline for well operation is proposed.
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