본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

Electromagnetic design and optimization of the multi-segment dielectric-loaded accelerating tube using genetic algorithm

Nikbakht M.|Afarideh H.|Ghergherehchi M.
한국원자력학회 (Korean Nuclear Society)|2022.12|Nuclear Engineering and Technology|제54권 제12호|pp. 4625-4635|DOI 10.1016/j.net.2022.06.011

0

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

Genetic algorithmDielectric loaded acceleratorSlow-wave structure
주제분류원자력공학

초록

A low-energy dielectric loaded accelerator with a non-uniform, multi-segment structure is studied and optimized. So far, no analytical solution is provided for such structures. Also, due to the existing nonlinear behavior and a large number of geometric parameters, the problem of numerical optimizations is complex. For this reason, a method is presented to design and optimize such structures using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). Moreover, the GA output results are compared with Trust Region (TR) and Nelder-Mead Simplex (NMS) methods. Comparative results show that the GA is more efficient in achieving optimization goals and also has a higher speed than the two other methods. Finally, an optimized accelerating tube is integrated into a proper coupler. Then, the accelerator is simulated for full electromagnetic investigations using the CST suite of codes. This design leads to a structure with a power of about 80 kW in the X-band, which delivers electrons to the output energy in the range of 300e459 kV. The length and outer diameter of the accelerating tube obtained are 10 cm and 1 cm, respectively.

Abstract

A low-energy dielectric loaded accelerator with a non-uniform, multi-segment structure is studied and optimized. So far, no analytical solution is provided for such structures. Also, due to the existing nonlinear behavior and a large number of geometric parameters, the problem of numerical optimizations is complex. For this reason, a method is presented to design and optimize such structures using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). Moreover, the GA output results are compared with Trust Region (TR) and Nelder-Mead Simplex (NMS) methods. Comparative results show that the GA is more efficient in achieving optimization goals and also has a higher speed than the two other methods. Finally, an optimized accelerating tube is integrated into a proper coupler. Then, the accelerator is simulated for full electromagnetic investigations using the CST suite of codes. This design leads to a structure with a power of about 80 kW in the X-band, which delivers electrons to the output energy in the range of 300e459 kV. The length and outer diameter of the accelerating tube obtained are 10 cm and 1 cm, respectively.

참고문헌 (42)

  1. R. Harvie, "A proposed new form of dielectric-loaded wave-guide for linear electron accelerators", Nature, 162, pp.890~890 (1948)
  2. G. T. Flesher, "Dielectric loading for waveguide linear accelerators", Trans. American Inst. Electric. Eng, 70(1), pp.887~893 (1951)
  3. R. B. R. Shersby-Harvie, "Discussions from Abroad Dielectric loading for waveguide linear accelerators", Trans. American Inst. Electric. Eng, 70(2), pp.2136~2137 (1951)
  4. R. B. R. Shersby-Harvie, "A theoretical and experimental investigation of anisotropic-dielectric-loaded linear electron accelerators", Proc. IEEE Part B : Radio and Electronic Engineering, 104(15), pp.273~290 (1957)
  5. R. B. R. Shersby-Harvie, "A dielectric-loaded accelerator", J. Inst. Eng. Electron, 3(27), pp.167~169 (1957)
  6. Advanced RF Structures for Wakefield Acceleration and High-Gradient Research, "X. Lu", ~ (2022)
  7. T. B. Zhang, "Microwave inverse"Cerenkov accelerator", Phys. Rev, 54(2), pp.1918~ (1996)
  8. W. Gai, "Numerical simulations of intense charged-particle beam propagation in a dielectric wake-field accelerator", Phys. Rev, 55(3), pp.3481~ (1997)
  9. P. Schoessow, "High gradient dielectric wakefield device measurements at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator", Particle Accelerator Conference, 1997. Proceedings of the 1997, 1, pp.639~641 (1997)
  10. J. G. Power, "Measurements of the longitudinal wakefields in a multimode, dielectric wakefield accelerator driven by a train of electron bunches", Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams, 3(10), pp.101302~ (2000)
  11. L. Xiao, "Field analysis of a dielectric-loaded rectangular waveguide accelerating structure", Phys. Rev, 65(1), pp.16505~ (2001)
  12. D. Satoh, "Dielectric assist accelerating structure", Phys. Rev. Acceler. Beam, 19(1), pp.11302~ (2016)
  13. C. Jing, "Mode analysis of a multilayered dielectric-loaded accelerating structure", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 539(3), pp.445~454 (2005)
  14. C. Jing, "Observation of enhanced transformer ratio in collinear wakefield acceleration", Phys. Rev. Lett, 98(14), pp.144801~ (2007)
  15. A. M. Altmark, "Decreasing power losses in multilayer dielectric-loaded accelerating structures", Tech. Phys. Lett, 34(2), pp.174~176 (2008)
  16. C. Jing, "Development of a dual-layered dielectric-loaded accelerating structure", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 594(2), pp.132~139 (2008)
  17. C. Jing, "Experimental demonstration of wakefield acceleration in a tunable dielectric loaded accelerating structure", Phys. Rev. Lett, 106(16), pp.164802~ (2011)
  18. P. Zou, "Construction and testing of an 11. 4 GHz dielectric structure based traveling wave accelerator", Rev. Sci. Instrum, 71(6), pp.2301~2304 (2000)
  19. P. Zou, "X-Band Dielectric Loaded RF Driven Accelerator Structures: Theoretical and Experimental", Ph.D.,, pp.2001
  20. W. Liu, "New RF design for 11.4 GHz dielectric loaded accelerator", Proceedings of the 2003 Particle Accelerator Conference, 3, pp.1810~1812 (2003)
  21. C. Jing, "Experimental Study of X-Band Dielectric-Loaded Accelerating Structures", Ph.D., pp.2005
  22. C. Jing, "High power RF tests on Xband dielectric-loaded accelerating structures, Plasma Science", IEEE Transactions on, 33(4), pp.1155~1160 (2005)
  23. C. Jing, "Progress on high power tests of dielectric-loaded accelerating structures", Proceedings of the 2005 Particle Accelerator Conference, pp.1566~1568 (2005)
  24. C. Jing, "Progress toward externally powered X-band dielectric-loaded accelerating structures", IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci, 38(6), pp.1354~1360 (2010)
  25. Beijing M. Zhou, "Genetic Algorithms: Theory and Applications, vol. 6", ~ (1999)
  26. K. Deb, "Multi-objective Optimization Using Evolutionary Algorithms" (2001), John Wiley and Sons
  27. A. Hofler, "Innovative Applications of Genetic Algorithms to Problems in Accelerator Physics, vol. 16", 1~ (2013)
  28. Genetic Algorithms and Their Applications in Accelerator Physics, "A. S. Hofler", Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), ~ (2013)
  29. S. Shin, "Optimization of the RF Cavity of the Medical Purpose Electron Linac by Using Genetic Algorithm, vol. 9200", 9250~ (2014)
  30. H. Yuzhe, "The structure optimized of X-band standing wave accelerator based on genetic algorithm", 2017 2nd IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Applications (ICCIA), pp.513~517 (2017)
  31. T. Luo, "RF Design of APEX2 Two-Cell Continuous-Wave Normal Conducting Photoelectron Gun Cavity Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm, vol. 940", 12~18 (2019)
  32. P. H. Williams, "Recirculating linac free-electron laser driver", Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams, 14(5), pp.50704~ (2011)
  33. X. Huang, "An algorithm for online optimization of accelerators", Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip, 726, pp.77~83 (2013)[DOI]
  34. A. -K. S. O. Hassan, "RF cavity design exploiting a new derivative-free trust region optimization approach", J. Adv. Res, 6(6), pp.915~924 (2015)[DOI]
  35. H. Tran, "Optimization of klystron designs using deterministic sampling methods", IEEE Trans. Electron. Dev, 62(3), pp.1032~1036 (2015)
  36. N. Neveu, "Photoinjector optimization using a derivative-free, model-based trust-region algorithm for the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator", J. Phys. Conf, 874, pp.12062~ (2017)[DOI]
  37. "M1976"[URL]
  38. "Technical Ceramics"[URL]
  39. C. T. M. Chang, "Propagation of electromagnetic waves in a partially dielectric filled circular waveguide", J. Appl. Phys, 41(11), pp.4493~4500 (1970)
  40. "CST Studio Suite Electromagnetic field simulation software"[URL]
  41. C. Jing, "Observation of multipactor suppression in a dielectric-loaded accelerating structure using an applied axial magnetic field", Appl. Phys. Lett, 103(21), pp.213503~ (2013)
  42. C. Jing, "Complete multipactor suppression in an X-band dielectric-loaded accelerating structure", Appl. Phys. Lett, 108(19), pp.193501~ (2016)

관련 논문AI추천

The study and design of a deuteron drift tube linear accelerator for middle energy neutron sourceHan Meiyun, Lu Yuanrong, Wang Zhi, Wei Tianhao, Xia Ying한국원자력학회 · Nuclear Engineering and Technology2024 · 제56권 제9호Simulation study of high-quality electron beam injector for external injection of laser plasma wakefield accelerationDai Zeyi, Guan Jiabao, Liu Lanxin, Nie Yuancun, Wang Jike, Xia Guoxing, Zhong Jianhua한국원자력학회 · Nuclear Engineering and Technology2025 · 제57권 제7호Analysis and optimizations of macro-pulse performances for a constructed high-power beam injector with a compact layoutFeng G.Y., Hu H., Hu T.N., Pei Y.J., Wang H.M., Wang Y., Xu H.J., Zeng Y.F.한국원자력학회 · Nuclear Engineering and Technology2025 · 제57권 제10호Conceptual RF design of 750 MHz IH cavities for β  = 0.10–0.15 ion beams in medical acceleratorsAlvarado María, Calvo Pedro, Carmona José Miguel, Gavela Daniel, Giner Navarro Jorge, León Miguel, López Ricardo, Moreno Gabriela, Oliver Concepción, Rodríguez Ángel한국원자력학회 · Nuclear Engineering and Technology2024 · 제56권 제9호S-band 고주파 전자가속기 가속관의 시뮬레이션 및 정밀가공을 통한 공진주파수 최적화김재현, 신승욱, 이남호, 이병노, 이수민, 주진식, 차형기, 채문식(사)한국방사선산업학회 · 방사선산업학회지2018 · 제12권 제2호Medium-energy crossbar H-mode drift tube linear accelerator design and the variable energy adjustment researchGao Shuli, Han Meiyun, Lu Yuanrong, Morris Austin, Wang Zhi, Wei Tianhao, Xia Ying, Zhao Jie한국원자력학회 · Nuclear Engineering and Technology2025 · 제57권 제6호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (39건)

Beryllium oxide utilized in nuclear reactors: Part I: Application history, thermal properties, mechanical properties, corrosion behavior and fabrication methodsLiu Bing, Zhou Xiang-wen, Hou Ming-dongpp. 4393-4411Performance Test and Uncertainty Analysis of the FBG-based Pressure Transmitter for Liquid Metal System이제환, 김형모, 어재혁, 김병연, 조영일pp. 4412-4421Impact of gamma radiation on 8051 microcontroller performanceRajesh Puspalata, Behera R.P., Amirthapandian S., Sharma Charupp. 4422-4430In-situ measurement of Ce concentration in high-temperature molten salts using acoustic-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with gas protective layer윤석주, 김형빈, 양원석, 최성열, 강도규, 김나영, 이윤우, Burger Miloš, Jovanovic Igorpp. 4431-4440Electrochemical oxidation of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in Pt anodes with Y2O3 particles최정훈, 박환서, 김가영, 이병관, 이기락, 강현우, 박근일, 엄현진, 신성식pp. 4441-4448
원문 보기