Applicability of anion exchange resin used at nuclear power plants for separating iodides from solutions containing boric acid
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At nuclear power plants, boric acid is used as a moderator of nuclear reactions, and iodine species are formed as products of fission reactions in the fuel rods. If many fuel rods were broken during the reactor operation or in the case of a nuclear accident, an increase of radioactivity associated with an increase of iodides concentration in the primary coolant could endanger reactor operation. Therefore, we examined the applicability and efficiency of the ion exchange resin DuPont™ Amberlite™ IRN78 OH, which is already in use at Czech nuclear power plants, for the separation of iodides from solutions containing boric acid. We performed a set of experiments with various iodides and boric acid concentrations, with two different ion exchange resin loads, and at two different temperatures. Sorption isotherm experiments were used to evaluate the removal efficiency of the ion exchanger for iodides and for boric acid, as well as to fit the Langmuir isotherm. Kinetic experiments were used to study the kinetics of the adsorption on the ion exchanger, as well as to investigate the mechanism of iodides adsorption on the ion exchange resin - pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and intra-particle diffusion models were applied to the experimental data.
Abstract
At nuclear power plants, boric acid is used as a moderator of nuclear reactions, and iodine species are formed as products of fission reactions in the fuel rods. If many fuel rods were broken during the reactor operation or in the case of a nuclear accident, an increase of radioactivity associated with an increase of iodides concentration in the primary coolant could endanger reactor operation. Therefore, we examined the applicability and efficiency of the ion exchange resin DuPont™ Amberlite™ IRN78 OH, which is already in use at Czech nuclear power plants, for the separation of iodides from solutions containing boric acid. We performed a set of experiments with various iodides and boric acid concentrations, with two different ion exchange resin loads, and at two different temperatures. Sorption isotherm experiments were used to evaluate the removal efficiency of the ion exchanger for iodides and for boric acid, as well as to fit the Langmuir isotherm. Kinetic experiments were used to study the kinetics of the adsorption on the ion exchanger, as well as to investigate the mechanism of iodides adsorption on the ion exchange resin - pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and intra-particle diffusion models were applied to the experimental data.