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판매원의 감정부조화가 판매원의 행동, 고객의 서비스품질 평가에 미치는 영향과 조절변수에 관한 연구

The Effects of Salespersons' Emotional Dissonance on Salespersons' Behavior and Customers' Perceived Service Quality

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초록

본 연구는 판매원과 관련된 기존의 연구와는 달리 판매원의 행위적 측면에 영향을 미치는 요소로서 판매원의 감정부조화에 초점을 두고자 한다. 특히 본 연구는 판매원이 고객과의 상호작용속에서 겪게 되는 감정부조화가 판매원의 행동에 미치는 부정적 영향을 조절하는 변수로서 규제초점을 제시하고자 한다. 또한 감정부조화로 인해 영향 받는 판매원의 행위적 요소가 고객의 지각된 서비스품질에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 살펴보고자 한다. 연구결과 판매원의 감정부조화가 서비스접점에서 판매원의 적응적 판매에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고 또한 이러한 부정적 영향을 규제초점이 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 비록 고객과의 상호작용과정에서 감정부조화를 경험하게 되지만 판매원이 향상초점지향적일 경우 감정부조화가 판매행동에 미치는 부정적 영향을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 서비스제공과정에서 필연적으로 경험할 수밖에 없는 감정부조화의 부정적 영향력의 정도가 개인적 특성에 의해 조절가능함을 제시하는 것이며 이는 판매원 선발의 중요한 기준으로 활용할 수 있다는 전략적 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 또한 연구결과 판매원의 적응적 판매가 고객의 지각된 서비스품질에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 판매원이 고객과의 상호작용과정에서 고객에 맞춘 적응적 판매를 수행할수록 고객관점에서 서비스에 대한 평가가 높아짐을 의미한다. 따라서 판매원의 고객요구에 대한 적응적 판매는 고객의 지각된 서비스품질을 높일 수 있으며 이러한 적응적 판매를 위해서는 서비스제공과정에서 경험하는 감정부조화를 잘 조절할 수 있는 요소발견의 중요성을 강조하고 있다. 즉 판매에 관한 많은 지식을 습득하도록 하는 것도 중요하지만 판매원의 부정적 감정경험의 적절한 관리 또한 중요한 것임을 제시하고 있다. 본 연구는 판매원의 감정적 능력 및 감정적 현상의 중요성에 대해 관심을 가질 수 있는 계기를 마련했으며, 판매원의 선발 및 교육에 있어서의 중요한 지침을 제공하고 있다.

Abstract

Unlike the cognitive researches related to salespersons, this study focuses on the emotional dissonance as an emotional element affecting salespersons behavioral aspects. That is, this study examine effect of emotional dissonance, which is conflict between emotion they should experience as a human being and emotion they should express due to organizational norms, on salespersons' adaptive selling behavior, and effect of salespersons' adaptive selling behavior on customers' perceived service quality. This study also is designed to empirically test whether salespersons' regulatory focus moderates the effects of emotional dissonance on salespersons' adaptive selling. As a result, emotional dissonance was found to have negative effects on salespersons' adaptive selling, which were moderated by their regulatory focus. And salesperson's adaptive selling was found to have positive effect on customer's perceived service quality. This means that although salespersons experience emotional dissonance through interaction with a customer in a selling situation, they are very likely to perform their duties and have positive emotion routinely rather than being disappointed or discouraged if they have promotion focus. By examining relationship among salespersons' emotional and behavioral responses in a selling situation, this study provides an opportunity to take interest in salespersons' emotional phenomena and schemes to overcome them and a better understanding of salespersons' behaviors.

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