기업가정신과 핵심역량이 경영성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 환경 불확실성의 조절효과를 중심으로
A Study on the Effects of Entrepreneurship and Core Competencies on Firm Performance
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초록
급변하는 경영환경에서 경영성과의 향상에 대한 관심이 점차 증대되어가고 있다. 본 연구는 국내기업들을 대상으로 기업가정신과 핵심역량을 기업의 경영성과 향상의 선행요인으로 설정하였다. 분석을 위하여 총 515개의 표본은 사용되었다. 분석결과, 기업가정신과 마케팅 경쟁력은 기업의 경영성과 향상에 모두 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 기술혁신 역량은 유의한 영향을 제공하지 못하고 있음을 확인하였다. 환경의 불확실성의 지각정도의 평균을 기준으로 두 집단으로 나누어 분석을 실시하였을 때, 기업가정신은 환경의 불확실성의 지각정도와 관계없이 경영성과에 유의한 영향을 제공하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 환경의 불확실성을 낮게 지각하는 집단에서는 기술혁신 역량이 경영성과에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 불확실성을 높게 지각하고 있는 집단에서는 마케팅 경쟁력이 경영성과에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 마지막으로, 환경의 불확실성을 구분한 추가 분석의 결과에서는 환경의 불확실성의 지각에 따라 기업가정신, 마케팅 경쟁력, 기술혁신 역량의 유의성이 각기 다르게 나타났다. 본 연구는 국내기업의 경영자들에게 기업가정신과 마케팅 경쟁력은 환경의 불확실성을 높게 인식할 경우에 기술혁신 역량 보다 기업의 경영성과에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인임을 제시한다.
Abstract
Improving firm performance has been important in rapidly changing business environments. Using 515 samples, this study investigates whether entrepreneurship and core competencies have an effect on firm performance. Overall, entrepreneurship and marketing competitiveness are found to have significant influences on firm performance, while technological capability is found to do not. Regardless of environmental uncertainty, entrepreneurship is found to have significant influence on firm performance. However, in an empirical investigation considering environmental uncertainty, technological capability has a significant influence on firm performance in the samples of perceiving low environmental uncertainty, while marketing competitiveness has a significant influence on firm sales in the samples of perceiving high environmental uncertainty. Finally in an empirical investigation distinguishing environmental uncertainty, the significance of entrepreneurship, marketing competitiveness, and technological capability is different in the perceived level of environmental uncertainty. From the empirical results, this study suggests that entrepreneurship and marketing competitiveness are required to increase firm performance in high level of environmental uncertainty.
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