분리 배치 형태와 단일 도크에 복수 발송지점이 할당된 크로스도킹터미널의 도크 위치 결정을 위한 유전 알고리즘 접근법
A Genetic Algorithm-Based Approach to Dock Door Assignment in Cross-docking Terminal with Restricted Layout:Separated Layout Configuration and Multiple Destinations Assigned to a Single Dock
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초록
크로스도킹은 입고된 화물을 보관하지 않고 즉각 분류하여 출고시키는 공정이다. 우체국에서 신속한 배달을 위해 시작된 크로스도킹은 택배터미널 화물 취급의 가장 중요한 요소가 되었고, 또한 많은 전통적인 물류센터들이 효율적 재고 관리와 고객 수요에 대한 즉각적 대응을 위해 크로스도킹 물류센터로 전환하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 크로스도킹 터미널 작업의 생산성을 높이기 위하여 자동분류기를 도입하여 화물의 집하 및 분류 작업에 대한 생산성은 대폭 증가되었으나 상차 작업은 수작업으로 이루어져야 하기 때문에 여전히 애로공정으로 남아 있다. 본 연구에서는 가용 부지의 제약으로 인한 분리 배치와 단일 도크에 복수 발송지점이 할당되는 형태의 크로스도킹터미널에서 상차 작업에 필요한 작업자 수 최소화와 상차 작업자 간의 작업 부하량을 균형화 시키기 위하여 라인밸런싱 휴리스틱이 내재된 유전 알고리즘 기반 탐색적 알고리즘을 개발하고 국내 택배 업체를 대상으로 수집된 자료를 근간으로 형성된 예제 문제를 통해 해법의 가용성과 성능을 평가한다.
Abstract
Cross-docking is defined as a practice of unloading freights from an incoming truck and loading them directly in with little or no storage in between. Originated from the mail processing system in the post office, cross-docking recently occupies the mainstream in the luggage terminal operation of courier services and many distribution centers are converting to the cross-docking centers which may provide lower inventory and rapid responsiveness. Although the performance of cross-docking terminals has been improved by utilizing automatic sorting conveyor, loading into the outgoing truck still remains a bottleneck process. This study presents an approach to assigning destinations to shipping docks for a cross-docking terminal with separated layout configurations and multiple destinations assigned to a single dock in order to reduce the expected number of workers needed in loading the freights to the truck the imbalance ratio among the workers. For this purpose a heuristic algorithm based on genetic algorithm is developed to solve it with a line balancing heuristic. To examine the validity and performance of our solution heuristic we apply it to an example problem from a domestic courier company in Korea.
참고문헌 (18)
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