A Competitive Analysis of Top 20 Container Ports in Asia Using Super-Efficiency Model
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Nowadays, ports operate as significant hub nodes for domestic and international circulation, acting as platforms for resource allocation as well as complete transportation hubs for material movement. As ports continue to grow in size, the importance of port development in promoting economic growth has increased, and port competition has become more intense. The average annual growth rate of containerized seaborne trade in Asia between 2010 and 2020, according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), was 5.8%. By collecting the literature review, there is scant literature focused on the efficiency evaluation of Asian ports. Based on this situation, in order to compare the competitive analysis of the Asian ports, this paper utilized DEA-CCR, DEA-BCC, and DEA-super-efficiency models to rank and analyze the efficiency of the top 20 Asian ports in terms of container throughput in 2021. The inputs used in this research are the number of quay cranes, the water depth of dock front water, the number of berths, and the quay length. Besides, the output is the cargo throughput, and the data was collected in 2021. Through the analysis, it can be found that Shanghai port has clear advantages over other ports in terms of development. The competitive ability of Taicang/Suzhou port ranks second, while Busan port ranks third following. By determining port efficiency in Asia through this research, a significant contribution to the growth of Asian ports is anticipated.
Abstract
Nowadays, ports operate as significant hub nodes for domestic and international circulation, acting as platforms for resource allocation as well as complete transportation hubs for material movement. As ports continue to grow in size, the importance of port development in promoting economic growth has increased, and port competition has become more intense. The average annual growth rate of containerized seaborne trade in Asia between 2010 and 2020, according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), was 5.8%. By collecting the literature review, there is scant literature focused on the efficiency evaluation of Asian ports. Based on this situation, in order to compare the competitive analysis of the Asian ports, this paper utilized DEA-CCR, DEA-BCC, and DEA-super-efficiency models to rank and analyze the efficiency of the top 20 Asian ports in terms of container throughput in 2021. The inputs used in this research are the number of quay cranes, the water depth of dock front water, the number of berths, and the quay length. Besides, the output is the cargo throughput, and the data was collected in 2021. Through the analysis, it can be found that Shanghai port has clear advantages over other ports in terms of development. The competitive ability of Taicang/Suzhou port ranks second, while Busan port ranks third following. By determining port efficiency in Asia through this research, a significant contribution to the growth of Asian ports is anticipated.
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