A Study on Rain Garden System for the First Flush Control of Urban Rainfall Runoff
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Rain garden system is an alternative to conventional BMP structures. It is highly applicable to residential uses in community open space and private lots. The rain garden system is very appropriate for treatment of parking lot runoff, roadways where sufficient space accommodates off-line implementation, and pervious area such as golf courses. Rain gardensystem can provide excellent pollutant removal and recharge for the first flush runoff. Optimized rain garden remove SS, metals, N, and P. Specially vegetated rain garden with high density can effectively remove pollutants. In this research, 4 rain gardens were constructed using retaining block wall(1000W X 1500L X 600D(800D)). 2 rain gardens were vegetated with Aster koraiensis, but different middle layer depths(600mm and 800mm), while the others were no vegetation with different middle layer depths(600mm and 800mm). Cross section of rain gardens was comprised of 200 mm top soils(40% sand, 30% silt, 15% clay, 15% organics) and engineered soils(30% top soils, 60% sand, 10% coir fiber) as middle layer soils. The synthetic storm water was used for all testing. The synthetic storm water was based on the average pollution loading taken from runoff water on residential area in Kwanak-gu. Influent and effluent concentrations were compared on an artificial storm by storm basis for all pollutants. Average effluent removal and retention rates of TSS and metals by vegetated systems were more than 93% and 92%(all taken samples of 93% of Zn, 100% of Pb, 89% of Cu and 100% of Cd) with 600mm and 94% and 95%(97% of Zn, 100% of Pb, 100% of Cu and 100% of Cd) with 800mm middle layer depth, respectively. On the other hand, in non-vegetated system, they were approximately 90% and 87% with 600mm and 93% and 90% with 800mm. These results indicate that pollutants from urban first flush runoff should be removed by rain garden system through filtering effect by media and adsorption process by organic matter within soil media and vegetated plants through heavy metal uptake by plants.
Abstract
Rain garden system is an alternative to conventional BMP structures. It is highly applicable to residential uses in community open space and private lots. The rain garden system is very appropriate for treatment of parking lot runoff, roadways where sufficient space accommodates off-line implementation, and pervious area such as golf courses. Rain gardensystem can provide excellent pollutant removal and recharge for the first flush runoff. Optimized rain garden remove SS, metals, N, and P. Specially vegetated rain garden with high density can effectively remove pollutants. In this research, 4 rain gardens were constructed using retaining block wall(1000W X 1500L X 600D(800D)). 2 rain gardens were vegetated with Aster koraiensis, but different middle layer depths(600mm and 800mm), while the others were no vegetation with different middle layer depths(600mm and 800mm). Cross section of rain gardens was comprised of 200 mm top soils(40% sand, 30% silt, 15% clay, 15% organics) and engineered soils(30% top soils, 60% sand, 10% coir fiber) as middle layer soils. The synthetic storm water was used for all testing. The synthetic storm water was based on the average pollution loading taken from runoff water on residential area in Kwanak-gu. Influent and effluent concentrations were compared on an artificial storm by storm basis for all pollutants. Average effluent removal and retention rates of TSS and metals by vegetated systems were more than 93% and 92%(all taken samples of 93% of Zn, 100% of Pb, 89% of Cu and 100% of Cd) with 600mm and 94% and 95%(97% of Zn, 100% of Pb, 100% of Cu and 100% of Cd) with 800mm middle layer depth, respectively. On the other hand, in non-vegetated system, they were approximately 90% and 87% with 600mm and 93% and 90% with 800mm. These results indicate that pollutants from urban first flush runoff should be removed by rain garden system through filtering effect by media and adsorption process by organic matter within soil media and vegetated plants through heavy metal uptake by plants.
참고문헌 (18)
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