온라인대학에서 학습자의 인구학적 변인이 재적상태에 영향을 미치는 경로분석
A path analysis of the relationships among students' demographic characteristics, GPA, and enrollment status in an online university
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본 연구는 온라인대학에서 학생들의 인구학적 변인이 다음 학기 재적상태에 직접적, 간접적으로 행사하는 영향력을 경로분석을 통하여 살펴보았다. 본 연구에 사용된 데이터는 한 국내 온라인대학 재학생들이 입학할 당시 입학원서에 작성한 신상명세서의 내용을 중심으로 매 학기마다 수강 신청하는 현황, 학기말 성적, 재등록여부 등으로 구성되어 있으며, 분석에 사용된 총 재학생 수는 2,424명이었다. 연구결과 학생들이 매 학기 취득한 학점은 다음 학기 재적상태에 결정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 나이, 직종, 이수학점 변인은 학점과 재적상태에 상당한 영향을 미쳤다. 즉, 나이가 어리면 어릴수록, IT 및 정보통신, 유통업에 종사할수록, 매학기 신청하는 이수학점 수가 적으면 적을수록 학기말 학점이 좋지 않았으며, 다음 학기에 미등록 제적되거나 자퇴할 가능성이 높았다. 따라서 사이버대학생들의 나이, 직종, 이수학점변인이 다음 학기 재적상태에 미치는 영향의 상당부분은 학점변인을 통해 설명되었다. 본 연구는 직장인이 대부분인 온라인대학 학생들의 대단위(2,424명) 데이터를 직접 사용하여 학생들의 인구학적 변인이 재적상태에 영향을 미치는 경로를 규명했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to explore the direct, indirect, and relative effects of the demographic characteristics of the adult students to their enrollment status in an online university. The independent variables included such demographic characteristics as students' gender, age, occupation, department, year of entrance, GPA, and previous education level, while the dependent one was their enrollment status in the spring semester of 2004. To achieve the purpose, this study involved a group of online university students who registered for the fall semester in 2003. The total number of students who were involved in this study was 2,424. A multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relative contributions the variables made to the prediction of students' enrollment status and selected the following variables for the final path analysis: the first semester of students' enrollment, age, occupation, and the number of credits they acquired. According to the path analysis, GPA was appeared to be the factor that most significantly influenced the enrollment status, while the other variables also showed significant direct and indirect effects through GPA to the dependent variable. This study is meaningful in that it first investigated the causal relationships of the adult students' general characteristics to their enrollment status especially in the 100% online university.
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