스페인어 시각 표현 비인칭 계사 구문의 등위구조의 통사적 특성
The syntactic properties of coordinate structures in Spanish impersonal copulative of time-telling expression
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It is well known that Spanish is a null subject language and there is no phonetic realization of a explicit subject of the impersonal copulative verb ‘ser’ in the time-telling expression. When it is ‘1:15’, the Spanish speakers say ‘Es la una y quince’ or ‘Es la una y cuarto’ using coordinate construction. The former construction also can be used without the conjunction ‘y’, but the latter requires the explicit realization of the conjunction ‘y’. On the other hand, when it is ‘1:45’, both Spanish speakers of Iberian Peninsula and Latin American speakers say ‘Es la una (y) cuarenta y cinco’, but in this case Spanish speakers of Iberian Peninsula prefer to say ‘Son las dos menos cuarto’, whereas Latin American speakers use to say ‘Son/Es (un) cuarto para las dos’. In this paper we will try to show that the time-telling expression in Iberian Spanish is generally based on the coordinate structure with additive operator ‘y’ and subtractive operator ‘menos’ (cf. Di Sciullo & Español-Echevarría(2017)) as conjunctions, but in Latin American Spanish, the time-telling expression is realized not only with aforementioned conjunctions ‘y’ and ‘menos’ as operator but also with prepositions ‘con’ and ‘para’ for additive and subtractive meaning respectively. We propose that the construction with ‘para’ is derived from the mechanism of Di Sciullo & Español-Echevarría(2017)'s Relative View Functional Projection and the construction with ‘con’ is not related with a coordinate structure, but with a comitative adjunction.
Abstract
It is well known that Spanish is a null subject language and there is no phonetic realization of a explicit subject of the impersonal copulative verb ‘ser’ in the time-telling expression. When it is ‘1:15’, the Spanish speakers say ‘Es la una y quince’ or ‘Es la una y cuarto’ using coordinate construction. The former construction also can be used without the conjunction ‘y’, but the latter requires the explicit realization of the conjunction ‘y’. On the other hand, when it is ‘1:45’, both Spanish speakers of Iberian Peninsula and Latin American speakers say ‘Es la una (y) cuarenta y cinco’, but in this case Spanish speakers of Iberian Peninsula prefer to say ‘Son las dos menos cuarto’, whereas Latin American speakers use to say ‘Son/Es (un) cuarto para las dos’. In this paper we will try to show that the time-telling expression in Iberian Spanish is generally based on the coordinate structure with additive operator ‘y’ and subtractive operator ‘menos’ (cf. Di Sciullo & Español-Echevarría(2017)) as conjunctions, but in Latin American Spanish, the time-telling expression is realized not only with aforementioned conjunctions ‘y’ and ‘menos’ as operator but also with prepositions ‘con’ and ‘para’ for additive and subtractive meaning respectively. We propose that the construction with ‘para’ is derived from the mechanism of Di Sciullo & Español-Echevarría(2017)'s Relative View Functional Projection and the construction with ‘con’ is not related with a coordinate structure, but with a comitative adjunction.
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