Struvite 결정화 공정을 이용한 새우가공폐수처리
Treatment of shrimp processing wastewater using struvite crystallization process
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초록
최근 들어 연안의 오염현상이 가속화되고 있고 이로 인한 적조 등 해양오염은 어족자원 감소의 주원인이 되고 있다. 이러한 해양오염의 원인물질중 가장 문제가 되는 물질은 질소와 인과 같은 영양염류이다. 통상 이러한 영양염류는 생물학적 처리를 통해 발생원에서 제거되는데 소규모 수산물 가공 공장 중 해수를 세척수로 사용하는 경우 염분 농도 등으로 생물학적 처리 등이 어렵다. 이에 대한 대안으로 본 연구에서는 해수를 세척수로 사용하는 새우가공공장 폐수에 대하여 struvite 결정화를 통한 질소, 인 회수방안을 적용하였다. Mg2+:NH4-N:PO4-P의 몰비를 1:1:1에서 2:1:1까지 변화시켜 가며 실험해본 결과 경제성 등을 고려할 때 1:1:1이 최적인 것으로 나타났다. Struvite 결정화 공정을 PAC를 이용한 화학응집 침전공정과 비교할 때 훨씬 더 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. Mg2+:NH4-N:PO4-P 비 1:1:1에서 새우세척수 처리결과 NH4-N제거율 93.1%, PO4-P 제거율 99.9%로 나타났다. 그러나 TCOD 제거효율은 48.9%, SCOD 제거효율은 28.5%로 나타나 struvite 결정화 공정은 질소와 인 제거에는 효율적이나 유기물 제거는 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 기초할 때 struvite 결정화 공정은 새우세척폐수의 전처리 공정으로 적합하며 다른 화학적 응집침전공정에 비하여 효율적이나 낮은 유기물 제거효율 때문에 유출수에 대해서는 추가적인 생물학적 처리공정이 필요하다고 판단된다.
Abstract
Recently, pollution problem in coastal water has become more serious and pollution including red tide serves as a main reason for reduction of fishes resources. Particularly, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are the most serious pollutants. Normally, biological wastewater treatment process is used in removing such nutrients. However, it is difficult to adopt the biological wastewater treatment process to a small-scale fish processing factory in case of using seawater as wash water. Thus, removing nutrients through struvite crystallization is investigated in this study for treating shrimp processing wastewater. Experiments were conducted by varying molar ratio of Mg2+:NH4-N:PO4-P from 1:1:1 to 2:1:1. It can be concluded that optimum molar ratio is 1:1:1. Struvite crystallization process is compared with chemical coagulation process using PAC and struvite crystallization process is proven as the more effective process in removing nutrients from wastewater. In view of results obtained from these experiments, struvite crystallization process is a promising method in removing nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater; however, not so good in removing organics. Thus, struvite crystallization process is suitable as the pre-treatment process in treating shrimp processing wastewater and additional biological process is needed to remove organics.
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