선주낙어구를 이용한 갈치 어획의 수직분포와 일주변화
Diel hariation in vertical distribution of Hairtails caught by vertical longlines
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초록
갈치 끌낚시어업의 어업효율 향상을 위해서는 일주기에 따른 갈치의 수직분포를 정확히 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 선주낙에 따른 갈치의 포획 효율 실험을 통해 갈치의 수직분포를 이해하였다. 분포조사 실험은 제주도 동부 해안지역에서 2016년 8월 ~ 9월에 주간 11:00 AM ~ 03:00 PM, 야간 11:00 PM ~ 03:00 AM에 시험조업을 통해 조사하였으며, 총 5회 반복 실시하였다. 실험에 사용된 어구는 낚시줄의 첫번째 낚시에서부터 저층에 이르기까지 순서대로 번호가 매겨진 20개의 낚시로 구성되었다. 첫번째 낚시의 깊이는 18m, 마지막 낚시는 87m 이었고 미끼는 꽁치를 사용하였다. 1회 조업시 총 10개 세트의 어구를 이용하였으며, 조업후 각 낚시마다 포획된 갈치의 마릿수를 계수하여 합산하였다. 총 2,000개의 낚시중 232마리의 어류가 어획되었으며, 주간 193마리, 야간 39마리 이었다. 총 어획율은 11.6%로 주간 9.6%, 야간 2.0% 이었다. 주간과 야간 모두에서 낚시번호마다 포획률이 다양하게 나타났는데, 주간의 경우 18번 낚시에서 최고 포획률인 28.5%를 나타냈으며, 20번 낚시에서 21.4%, 17번 낚시에서 10.7%를 나타내 3개의 낚시에서 60.6%의 포획율을 보였다. 반면, 야간의 경우 1번 낚시에서 23.0%, 4, 9번 낚시에서 15.3%를 나타내 3개의 낚시에서 53.6%의 포획율을 보였다. 이러한 결과들로 미루어 보아, 갈치는 보통 낮에 깊은 지역에 분포하지만 야간에는 표면 근처에 분포하며 어업효율을 높이기 위해서는 갈치의 이러한 습성을 이해하여 주 분포층에 낚시를 배치할 필요가 있을것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of hairtail trolling, it is important to gain an accurate understanding of the distribution of fishes based on their diurnal vertical migration patterns. This study evaluated the vertical distribution of hairtails through catch efficiency tests using vertical longlines. The efficiency test was carried out five replicate tests on the eastern coast of Jeju Island, from August to September 2016, from 11:00 AM to 03:00 PM in the daytime, and 11:00 PM to 03:00 AM in the nighttime. The fishing gear was composed of 20 hooks per line set, numbered in order from the first hook near the surface to the last hook at the seabed. The depth of the first hook was 18 m, and that of the last hook was 86 m. Pacific saury was used as the baits. In total, 10 sets of fishing gear were used per trip. After fishing, we counted the hairtails at each numbered hook, which were summed up both by number and in aggregate.A total of 232 hairtails were caught using 2,000 hooks: 193 individuals at daytime; 39 at nighttime. The hook rate was 11.6%: 9.6% at daytime; 2.0% at nighttime. For both daytime and nighttime catches, there were variations in the hook rates at each numbered hook. In the daytime, a maximum of 28.5% catches occurred at hook no. 18, followed by 21.4% at no. 20, and 10.7% at no. 17, accounting for 60.6% of the daytime hook rates. In the nighttime, a maximum of 23.0% catches occurred at hook no. 1, followed by 15.3% at hook nos. 4 and 9, accounting for 53.6% of the nighttime hook rate. Based on the above results, hairtails are usually distributed in deeper region in daytime, whereas they occur near the surface in nighttime. Therefore, it is necessary to position trolling lines according to diurnal vertical distribution layers of hairtails for fishing efficiency. Keywords : Hairtail, Diel variation, Vertical distribution, Vertical longline
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