갈치 끌낚시 어구의 수심변화 및 어획량 시험
A study on the change of the depth and catch of hairtail trolling lines
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초록
본 연구에서는 일본에서 현재 사용하고 있는 끌낚시 어구를 도입하여 제주 어장에서 시험 조업하면서 어장환경이 개방형이면서 해저 암반이 많은 제주 어장환경에 적합하도록 끌낚시어구를 재설계ㆍ제작하였다. 그리고 끌낚시어구가 갈치의 서식 수심대를 정확히 예인될 수 있도록 어구의 목표수심 도달조건을 규명하였고, 그 결과를 이용해서 시험 조업한 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 시험 조업은 제주 성산포 앞바다의 수심 약 120m 수역과 제주 한림앞바다에서 실시하였다. 시험 조업에 사용한 어구는 일본에서 도입한 어구를 이용해서 여러 번의 현장 시험을 거치면서 투승과정중의 꼬임현상 발생과 원줄의 침강력이 커지는 등 여러 가지 문제점을 파악하여 개선하고, 제주 어장 환경에 적합하도록 재설계와 함께 어구를 제작하였다. 어구의 목표수심 도달조건을 규명하기 위해서 수심계( DST milli-TD, Star-Oddi )를 모릿줄의 시작점과 모릿줄의 250m와 340m 지점에 장착하였다. 기록되어지는 데이터는 수심과 시각으로, 데이터 취득은 10초간격으로 설정하였다. 어구의 목표 수심은 저층에 체류하는 갈치의 주간 습성에 따라서 해저에서 10m~20m 떨어진 100~110m로 하였다. 선속 1.9knot와 발돌의 무게 9kg을 고정하여 원줄의 길이 100m, 150m, 180m에 대한 어구의 도달수심을 조사 분석하였다. 원줄의 길이 180m를 바다로 내렸을 때, 갈치끌낚시 어구의 형상이 갖추어져 가는 시간대는 5분이 경과되어야 하고, 이때 어구의 도달 수심대는 해저로부터 16m∼23m 떨어져 있어서, 주간에 갈치가 많이 있는 수심대를 정확히 끌고 있었다. 또한, 어구가 갈치의 서식 수심대를 정확히 예인될 수 있도록 어구의 목표 도달수심 조건을 규명한 결과를 이용해서 시험 조업을 실시한 결과, 하루 최대 100kg까지 어획되었다.
Abstract
In this study, we tested Japanese trolling lines in the Jeju fishery. This fishery simulates the natural marine environment with many seabed rocks, and has been redesigned and manufactured it to be suitable for the Jeju fishery. In order to ensure that the trolling lines were deployed at the inhabitation depth of hairtails, the conditions required for the fishing gear to reach the target depth were determined for use during the experiment. The experimental test fishing was conducted at the depth of 120 m water in front of Jeju Seongsanpo and in the offshore area of Jeju Hanlim. The fishing gear used in the test fishing is currently used in a variety of field operations in Japan. However, several problems were identified, such as twisting of the line during its deployment and excessive sinking of the main line. The fishing gear was, therefore, redesigned and manufactured to be more suitable for the Jeju fishery environment. For the fishing gear to accurately reach the target depth, depth loggers were installed at the starting point of the main line and at the 250 m and 340 m points of the line. Depth and time were recorded every 10 seconds. According to the daytime positioning of hairtails in the lower water column, the target depth of the fishing gear was set at 100-110 m, which was 10-20 m above the sea floor. At a speed of 1.9 knots and with a 9 kg sinker attached, the main fishing line was deployed and catch yields at depths of 100 m, 150 m and 180 m were recorded and analyzed. When the 180 m main line was fully deployed, the time for the hairtail trolling lines to arrive at the appropriate configuration had to be 5 minutes. At this time, the depth of the fishing gear was 16-23 m above the sea floor, in accordance with the depths at which the hairtails were during the day. In addition, in order to accurately place the fishing gear at the inhabitation water depth of hairtails, the experimental test fishing utilized the results of the depth testing that identified the conditions required for the fishing gear to reach the target depth, and the result was a catch of up to 97 kg a day.
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