가상현실 기반 수업 시뮬레이션의 시나리오 내용이 예비교사의 교사효능감과 가상실재감에 미치는 효과
The effects of scenario types on teacher efficacy of pre-service teachers and virtual presence in the virtual reality based teaching simulation
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 예비교사들을 위해서 적용한 수업 시뮬레이션에서 시나리오의 내용에 따라서 교사효능감과 가상실재감 지각에 미치는 효과를 분석하기 위한 것이다. 시뮬레이션은 안전한 학습환경을 제공할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 실제적인 학습경험을 제공해준다는 장점을 갖고 있다. 이런 장점을 활용해서 수업기술을 증진시키기 위한 방법으로 수업 시뮬레이션이 활용되어 왔다. 이 연구에서는 수업 시뮬레이션의 장점을 활용하기 위해서 시나리오 내용에 따라서 예비교사들의 지각이 어떻게 달라지는가를 확인하기 위한 실험이 진행되었다. 44명의 예비교사들이 실험에 참여했으며 내용 시나리오와 태도 시나리오의 두 가지 수업 시나리오가 적용되었다. 교사효능감은 학생참여효능감, 수업전략효능감, 학급운영효능감으로 구분되었다. 가상실재감은 공간실재감, 몰입감, 사실성 변수로 구분되었다. 실험결과에 따르면 내용 시나리오가 제시되었을 때 학습자의 교사 효능감이 낮아지는 경향이 나타났으며, 시나리오의 내용과 교사효능감 사이에서 유의미한 상호작용이 나타났다. 또한 가상실재감과 시나리오의 내용과의 관계에서는 태도 시나리오가 제시될 때, 예비교사들의 가상실재감이 높아지는 경향을 보였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine that different types of scenario can effect on participants’ teacher efficacy and virtual presence in the virtual reality based immersive teaching simulation. Teaching simulation has been used for pre-service teachers to provide authentic learning experience. The benefits of simulation are to provide safe learning environment and continuous practice to master a learning task. Forty-four college students participated into this research, and a teaching scenario was given to simulate a classroom teaching. Teacher efficacy and virtual presences were measured. Teacher efficacy was consisted of three variables: student engagement efficacy, instructional strategy efficacy, and classroom management efficacy. Two scenarios were applied for this study: 1) attitude scenario and 2) content scenario. The attitude scenario is to emulate students’ misbehavior during a classroom teaching. The content scenario is to emulate when a student asks a difficult- to-handle content driven question. The result indicated that a student with content scenario perceived his/her teacher efficacy lower with attitude scenario. There was a significant interaction between scenario types and teacher efficacy. For the virtual presence, there was a significant main effect by types of scenario.
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