니까노르 빠라의 반시에 나타난 생태주의 고찰 -빠라의 ‘정원’ 속 자연/인간 이분법의 해체-
An Analysis on Ecology in Antipoetry of Nicanor Parra: Dissolution of the ecocentrsim-anthropocentrism dichotomy in the jardín of Parra
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With the publication of Ecopoemas (1982), a Chilean poet Nicanor Parra, whose fame lies in his antipoetry, inaugurated a new strategy for being ‘anti’ by initiating the ecopoetry. However, the poet’s view towards Nature and its relationship with human beings existed since his early works. This article attempts to provide the reader with ecocritical reading upon the antipoems of Parra based on two theories: the deep ecology of Arne Naess and the social ecology of Murray Bookchin. In Parra’s antipoems, jardín appears as a space for speakers to interact with Nature. In that Parra’s jardín is an artificially created nature within the city, this place is interpreted as ‘Second Nature’, a term which refers to the human society in social ecology. At the same time, the way how human beings mentally interact with Nature in jardín provides the model of ‘identification’, the process by which one attains an ecocentric way of thinking according to the theorists of deep ecology. With the convergence of two ecologies in jardín, Parra’s antipoems dissolve the strong antagonism between ecocentrism and anthropocentrism.
Abstract
With the publication of Ecopoemas (1982), a Chilean poet Nicanor Parra, whose fame lies in his antipoetry, inaugurated a new strategy for being ‘anti’ by initiating the ecopoetry. However, the poet’s view towards Nature and its relationship with human beings existed since his early works. This article attempts to provide the reader with ecocritical reading upon the antipoems of Parra based on two theories: the deep ecology of Arne Naess and the social ecology of Murray Bookchin. In Parra’s antipoems, jardín appears as a space for speakers to interact with Nature. In that Parra’s jardín is an artificially created nature within the city, this place is interpreted as ‘Second Nature’, a term which refers to the human society in social ecology. At the same time, the way how human beings mentally interact with Nature in jardín provides the model of ‘identification’, the process by which one attains an ecocentric way of thinking according to the theorists of deep ecology. With the convergence of two ecologies in jardín, Parra’s antipoems dissolve the strong antagonism between ecocentrism and anthropocentrism.
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