UWB 기반 측위시스템을 이용한 연안자망어선 어선원의 작업위치와 위험요소
Risk factors and fisher positioning task during coastal gillnet fishing boat operation using UWB based positioning system
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초록
본 연구는 UWB 기반 측위시스템을 이용하여 연안자망어선 어선원의 조업과정별 작업 동선 및 위험요소를 분석하여 조업 중 안전사고를 줄이기 위한 작업안전대책에 대하여 고찰하였다. UWB 기반 측위시스템의 정적 위치정도는 45 cm이었다. 출입항 시는 선박간 충돌 및 선외추락 위험이 있었고, 안전사고가 빈번하게 발생하는 투망 시는 어구 및 가드 등에 맞거나 부푯줄과 발돌줄 등에 끼여 선외추락 위험이 있었다. 양망 시에는 어구와 양망기 사이에 끼일 위험과 장시간 반복작업으로 인한 근골격계질환의 위험이 있었다. 어선에서 작업 중 안전사고에 대하여 대부분 어선원과 선장의 인적과실을 지적하고 있으나, 안전사고는 인적과실 이외에도 기계ㆍ설비적 요인, 작업ㆍ환경적 요인, 관리적 요인들이 혼재되어 발생한다. 그래서 안전사고 원인인 4M에 대한 대책으로 4E, 즉 교육적, 기술적, 환경적 및 관리ㆍ규제적 대책을 제시하였으며, 제시된 대책을 활용하여 조업과정별 위험요인 식별, 작업안전수칙 준수 및 개인보호구 착용의 생활화 등을 통하여 작업 중 안전사고를 줄여 나가야 할 것이다. 이와 같은 연구 결과는 향후 안전사고가 빈번한 다른 연근해업종에서도 어구 적재 및 양망기 등의 최적배치 등에도 활용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
We analyzed risk factors of coastal gillnet fishers during fishing process and considered work safety measures to reduce safety accidents during fishing using a UWB (ultra wideband) based positioning system. The static position accuracy of the UWB based positioning system was 45 cm. When entering a port, there is a risk of falling overboard. When casting a net, there was a risk of falling overboard due to being hit by fishing gear or guards, or getting caught in a buoy line or sinker line. When hauling a net, there is a risk of getting caught between fishing gear and net hauler, and the risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to repetitive work over a long period of time. Most safety accidents during work on fishing boats are blamed on human errors of the fisher and skipper, but safety accidents occur due to a mixture of mechanical and equipment factors, work and environmental factors, and management factors in addition to human errors. Therefore, the 4E were presented as countermeasures against the 4M, which are causes of safety accidents, and the proposed measures were used to identify risk factors for operation process, comply with work safety rules, and ensure the wearing of personal protective equipments. We need to reduce safety accidents during work by making it part of our daily routine. These research results can be used in the future for optimal placement of fishing gear and fishing nets in other coastal industries where safety accidents occur frequently.
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