Effects of Maize Source and Complex Enzymes on Performance and Nutrient Utilization of Broilers
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of maize source and complex enzymes containing amylase, xylanase and protease on performance and nutrient utilization of broilers. The experiment was a 4×3 factorial design with diets containing four source maize samples (M1, M2, M3, and M4) and without or with two kinds of complex enzyme A (Axtra XAP) and B (Avizyme 1502). Nine hundred and sixty day old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were used in the trial (12 treatments with 8 replicate pens of 10 chicks). Birds fed M1 diet had better body weight gain (BWG) and lower feed/gain ratio compared with those fed M3 diet and M4 diet (p<0.05). Apparent ileal crude protein digestibility coefficient of M2 was higher than that of M3 (p<0.05). Apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and nitrogen corrected AME (AMEn) of M1 were significant higher than those of M4 (p<0.05). Supplementation of the basal diets with enzyme A or B improved the BWG by 8.6% (p<0.05) and 4.1% (p>0.05), respectively. The fresh feces output was significantly decreased by the addition of enzyme B (p<0.05). Maize source affects the nutrients digestibility and performance of broilers, and a combination of amylase, xylanase and protease is effective in improving the growth profiles of broilers fed maize-soybean-rapeseed-cotton mixed diets.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of maize source and complex enzymes containing amylase, xylanase and protease on performance and nutrient utilization of broilers. The experiment was a 4×3 factorial design with diets containing four source maize samples (M1, M2, M3, and M4) and without or with two kinds of complex enzyme A (Axtra XAP) and B (Avizyme 1502). Nine hundred and sixty day old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were used in the trial (12 treatments with 8 replicate pens of 10 chicks). Birds fed M1 diet had better body weight gain (BWG) and lower feed/gain ratio compared with those fed M3 diet and M4 diet (p<0.05). Apparent ileal crude protein digestibility coefficient of M2 was higher than that of M3 (p<0.05). Apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and nitrogen corrected AME (AMEn) of M1 were significant higher than those of M4 (p<0.05). Supplementation of the basal diets with enzyme A or B improved the BWG by 8.6% (p<0.05) and 4.1% (p>0.05), respectively. The fresh feces output was significantly decreased by the addition of enzyme B (p<0.05). Maize source affects the nutrients digestibility and performance of broilers, and a combination of amylase, xylanase and protease is effective in improving the growth profiles of broilers fed maize-soybean-rapeseed-cotton mixed diets.
참고문헌 (38)
- AOAC International, "Official Methods of Analysis" (2005), AOAC Int
- Bedford, M. R., "Exogenous enzymes in monogastric nutrition - their current value and future benefits", Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 86, pp.1~13 (2000)
- Baurhoo, N., "Effects of exogenous enzymes in corn-based and Canadian pearl milletbased diets with reduced soybean meal on growth performance, intestinal nutrient digestibility, villus development, and selected microbial populations in broiler chickens", J. Anim. Sci, 89, pp.4100~4108 (2011)
- Brake, J., "Evaluation of transgenic event Bt11 hybrid corn in broiler chickens", Poult. Sci, 82, pp.551~559 (2003)
- Brufau, J., "The use of enzymes to improve cereal diets for animal feeding", J. Sci. Food Agric, 86, pp.1705~1713 (2006)
- Burkholder, J., "Impacts of waste from concentrated animal feeding operations on water quality", Environ Health Perspect, 115, pp.308~312 (2007)
- Baidoo S. K., "Effect of kernel density on the apparent and true metabolizable energy value of corn for chickens", Poult. Sci, 70, pp.2102~2107 (1991)
- Choct, M., "Enzymes for the feed industry: Past, present and future", World's Poult. Sci. J, 62, pp.5~16 (2006)
- Choct, M., "Anti-nutritive activity of wheat pentosans in broiler diets", Br. Poult. Sci, 31, pp.811~821 (1990)
- Cowieson, A. J., "Factors that affect the nutritional value of maize for broilers", Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 119, pp.293~305 (2005)
- Cowieson, A. J., "Strategic selection of exogenous enzymes for corn", soy-based poultry diets, 2010, pp.47, 1~7
- Cowieson, A. J., "Sensitivity of broiler starters to three doses of an enzyme cocktail in maize-based diets", Br. Poult. Sci, 49, pp.340~346 (2008)
- Cowieson, A. J., "Effect of exogenous enzymes in maize-based diets varying in nutrient density for young broilers: Growth performance and digestibility of energy, minerals and amino acids", Br. Poult. Sci, 49, pp.37~44 (2008)
- Douglas, M. W., "Effect of various soybean meal sources and Avizyme on chick growth performance and ileal digestible energy", J. Appl. Poult. Res, 9, pp.74~80 (2000)
- Francesch, M., "Enzyme complex containing carbohydrases and phytase improves growth performance and bone mineralization of broilers fed reduced nutrient corn-soybean-based diets", Poult. Sci, 88, pp.1915~1924 (2009)
- Ferket, P. R, "Nutritional strategies to reduce environmental emission from nonruminants", J. Anim. Sci, 80, pp.168~182 (2002)
- Gehring, C. K., "Identifying variation in the nutritional value of corn based on chemical kernel characteristics", World's Poult. Sci. J, 69, pp.299~311 (2013)
- Hill, F. W., "Comparison of metabolizable energy and productive energy determinations with growing chicks", J. Nutr, 64, pp.587~603 (1958)
- Kocher, A., "Effects of enzyme combinations on apparent metabolizable energy of corn-soybean meal-based diets in broilers", J. Appl. Poult. Res, 12, pp.275~283 (2003)
- Malathi, V., "In vitro evaluation of nonstarch polysaccharide digestibility of feed ingredients by enzymes", Poult. Sci, 80, pp.302~305 (2001)
- Mahagna, M., "Effect of age and exogenous amylase and protease on development of the digestive tract, pancreatic enzyme activities and digestibility of nutrients in young meat-type chicks", Reprod. Nutr. Dev, 35, pp.201~212 (1995)
- Meng, X., "Nutritive values of corn, soybean meal, canola meal, and peas for broiler chickens as affected by a multicarbohydrase preparation of cell wall degrading enzymes", Poult. Sci, 84, pp.1242~1251 (2005)
- Meng, X., "Degradation of cell wall polysaccharides by combinations of carbohydrase enzymes and their effect on nutrient utilization and broiler chicken performance", Poult. Sci, 84, pp.37~47 (2005)
- Noy, Y., "Digestion and absorption in the young chick", Poult. Sci, 74, pp.366~373 (1995)
- Olukosi, O. A., "Age-related influence of a cocktail of xylanase, amylase, and protease or phytase individually or in combination in broilers", Poult. Sci, 86, pp.77~86 (2007)
- Oukosi, O. A., "Influence of enzyme supplementation of maize-soyabean meal diets on carcase composition, whole-body nutrient accretion and total tract nutrient retention of broilers", Br. Poult. Sci, 49, pp.436~445 (2008)
- H.V. Masey O'Neill, "Effect of Xylanase on Performance and Apparent Metabolisable Energy in Starter Broilers Fed Diets Containing One Maize Variety Harvested in Different Regions of China", ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES, 25(4), pp.515~523 (2012), 아세아·태평양축산학회
- Rutherfurd, S. M., "The effect of a commercial enzyme preparation on apparent metabolizable energy, the true ileal amino acid digestibility, and endogenous ileal lysine losses in broiler chickens", Poult. Sci, 86, pp.665~672 (2007)
- Slominski, B. A., "Recent advances in research on enzymes for poultry diets", Poult. Sci, 90, pp.2013~2023 (2011)
- Short. F. J., "Determination of titanium dioxide added as an inert marker in chicken digestibility studies", Anim. Feed Sci. Technol, 59, pp.215~221 (1996)
- Scott, D., "Technologies to reduce environmental impact of animal wastes associated with feeding for maximum productivity", Anim. Front, 3, pp.42~47 (2013)
- Wyatt, C. L., "Role of enzymes in reducing variability in nutritive value of maize using the ileal digestibility method", Proc. 10rd Ann. Aust. Poult. Sci. Symp, pp.108~111 (1999)
- West, M. L., "Assessment of dietary rovabio excel in practical United States broiler diets", J. Appl. Poult. Res, 16, pp.313~321 (2007)
- Woyengo, T. A, "Review:Supplementation of a combination of phytase and carbohydrases to diets for poultry", Can. J. Anim. Sci, 91, pp.177~192 (2011)
- Yu, B., "Effects of multiple-enzyme mixtures on growth performance of broilers fed corn-soy meal diets", J. Appl. Poult. Res, 13, pp.178~182 (2004)
- Yegani, M, "Effects of corn source and exogenous enzymes on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens", Poult. Sci, 92, pp.1208~1220 (2013)
- Zanella, I., "Effect of enzyme supplementation of broiler diets based on corn and soybeans", Poult. Sci, 78, pp.561~568 (1999)
- Zou, J. L., "Effects of exogenous enzymes and dietary energy on performance and digestive physiology of broilers", J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol, 4, pp.14~ (2013)