Evaluation of the nutritional value of locally produced forage in Korea using chemical analysis and in vitro ruminal fermentation
2
조회
0
다운로드
12
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: The use of locally produced forage (LPF) in cattle production has economic and environmental advantages over imported forage. The objective of this study was to characterize the nutritional value of LPF commonly used in Korea. Differences in ruminal fermentation characteristics were also examined for the LPF species commonly produced from two major production regions: Chungcheong and Jeolla. Methods: Ten LPF (five from each of the two regions) and six of the most widely used imported forages originating from North America were obtained at least three times throughout a year. Each forage species was pooled and analyzed for nutrient content using detailed chemical analysis. Ruminal fermentation characteristics were also determined by in vitro anaerobic incubations using strained rumen fluid for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. At each incubation time, total gas, pH, ammonia, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, and neutral detergent fiber digestibility were measured. By fitting an exponential model, gas production kinetics were obtained. Results: Significant differences were found in the non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) content among the forage species and the regions (p<0.01). No nutrient, other than NFC, showed significant differences among the regions. Crude protein, NFC, and acid detergent lignin significantly differed by forage species. The amount of acid detergent insoluble protein tended to differ among the forages. The forages produced in Chungcheong had a higher amount of NFC than that in Jeolla (p<0.05). There were differences in ruminal fermentation of LPF between the two regions and interactions between regions and forage species were also significant (p<0.05). The pH following a 48-h ruminal fermentation was lower in the forages from Chungcheong than from Jeolla (p<0.01), and total VFA concentration was higher in Chungcheong than in Jeolla (p = 0.05). This implies that fermentation was more active with the forages from Chungcheong than from Jeolla. Analysis of gas production profiles showed the rate of fermentation differed among forage species (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the nutritional values of some LPF (i.e., corn silage and Italian ryegrass) are comparable to those of imported forages widely used in Korea. This study also indicated that the nutritional value of LPF differs by origin, as well as by forage species. Detailed analyses of nutrient composition and digestion kinetics of LPF should be routinely employed to evaluate the correct nutritional value of LPF and to increase their use in the field.
Abstract
Objective: The use of locally produced forage (LPF) in cattle production has economic and environmental advantages over imported forage. The objective of this study was to characterize the nutritional value of LPF commonly used in Korea. Differences in ruminal fermentation characteristics were also examined for the LPF species commonly produced from two major production regions: Chungcheong and Jeolla. Methods: Ten LPF (five from each of the two regions) and six of the most widely used imported forages originating from North America were obtained at least three times throughout a year. Each forage species was pooled and analyzed for nutrient content using detailed chemical analysis. Ruminal fermentation characteristics were also determined by in vitro anaerobic incubations using strained rumen fluid for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. At each incubation time, total gas, pH, ammonia, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, and neutral detergent fiber digestibility were measured. By fitting an exponential model, gas production kinetics were obtained. Results: Significant differences were found in the non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) content among the forage species and the regions (p<0.01). No nutrient, other than NFC, showed significant differences among the regions. Crude protein, NFC, and acid detergent lignin significantly differed by forage species. The amount of acid detergent insoluble protein tended to differ among the forages. The forages produced in Chungcheong had a higher amount of NFC than that in Jeolla (p<0.05). There were differences in ruminal fermentation of LPF between the two regions and interactions between regions and forage species were also significant (p<0.05). The pH following a 48-h ruminal fermentation was lower in the forages from Chungcheong than from Jeolla (p<0.01), and total VFA concentration was higher in Chungcheong than in Jeolla (p = 0.05). This implies that fermentation was more active with the forages from Chungcheong than from Jeolla. Analysis of gas production profiles showed the rate of fermentation differed among forage species (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the nutritional values of some LPF (i.e., corn silage and Italian ryegrass) are comparable to those of imported forages widely used in Korea. This study also indicated that the nutritional value of LPF differs by origin, as well as by forage species. Detailed analyses of nutrient composition and digestion kinetics of LPF should be routinely employed to evaluate the correct nutritional value of LPF and to increase their use in the field.
참고문헌 (27)
- Sung KI, "Agricultural Outlook 2010 (II)", pp.695~721 (2010), Korea Rural Economic Institute
- Ogino A, "Environmental impacts of a Japanese dairy farming system using whole‐crop rice silage as evaluated by life cycle assessment", Anim Sci J, 79, pp.727~736 (2008)
- Lee HS, "A comparative study of nutritive value of imported roughages", J Korean Grassl Sci, 20, pp.303~308 (2000)
- The feed analysis laboratory: Establishment and quality control, "De Jonge LH", FAO, ~ (2013)
- Van Soest PJ, "Development of a comprehensive system of feed anal-yses and its application to forages", J Anim Sci, 26, pp.119~128 (1967)
- Yang JH, "Some methods an increasing competitive of Korea beef cattle using self-supply forage", J Agric Life Environ Sci, 24, pp.9~17 (2012)
- Seo S, "Forage production and animal husbandry in Korea", Grassl Sci, 51, pp.21~25 (2005)
- Van Soest PJ, "Nutritional ecology of the ruminant" (1994), Cornell University Press
- Fox DG, "The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System model for evaluating herd nutrition and nutrient excretion", Anim Feed Sci Technol, 112, pp.29~78 (2004)
- AOAC International, "Official Methods of Analysis" (2005), AOAC International
- Van Soest PJ, "Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition", J Dairy Sci, 74, pp.3583~3597 (1991)
- Licitra G, "Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds", Anim Feed Sci Technol, 57, pp.347~358 (1996)
- National Research Council, "Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle" (2001), National Academy Press
- Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications), "Goering HK", U.S. Agricultural Research Service, ~ (1970)
- Theodorou MK, "A simple gas production method using a pressure transducer to determine the fermentation kinetics of ruminant feeds", Anim Feed Sci Technol, 48, pp.185~197 (1994)
- Pell AN, "Computerized monitoring of gas production to measure forage digestion in vitro", J Dairy Sci, 76, pp.1063~1073 (1993)
- Erwin ES, "Volatile fatty acid analyses of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatography", J Dairy Sci, 44, pp.1768~1771 (1961)
- Chaney AL, "Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia", Clin Chem, 8, pp.130~132 (1962)
- 서성원, "Degradation Kinetics of Carbohydrate Fractions of Ruminant Feeds Using Automated Gas Production Technique", ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES, 22(3), pp.356~364 (2009), 아세아·태평양축산학회
- Lee HS, "A study on the nutritive value of distributed roughage in domestic market", J Korean Grassl Sci, 21, pp.109~114 (2001)
- 나영준, "국내 이용 주요 조사료원의 영양소 함량 및 반추위 In situ 소실율 평가", 한국초지조사료학회지, 33(4), pp.269~274 (2013), 한국초지조사료학회
- Rymer C, "In vitro cumulative gas production techniques: History, methodological considerations and challenges", Anim Feed Sci Technol, 123, pp.9~30 (2005)
- Kwon CH, "Agricultural Outlook 2006(II)", pp.551~575 (2006), Korea Rural Economic Institute
- Tsutsumi M, "Life cycle assessment of beef cow‐calf systems with and without grazing on abandoned cultivated lands in Japan", Grassl Sci, 60, pp.150~159 (2014)
- Development and application of a statistical method to survey local forage production in Korea, "Kim MH", Korea Rural Economic Institute, 261~, pp.Research Report C 2014-29 (2014)
- Lee HS, "A comparative study of nutritive value of imported roughages", J Korean Soc Grassl Forage Sci, 20, pp.303~308 (2000)
- Korea feeding standard for dairy cattle, "NIAS", National Institute of Animal Science, Korean Rural Development Administration, ~ (2012)