Caregiver Burden in Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Comparative Study
2
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective There is no study comparing schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in terms of caregiver burden. This study aims to compare the caregiver burden among family members of the patients with schizophrenia and ASD and investigate the predictive factors.Methods A cross-sectional study with the family members living with and/or providing care to their patients was carried out. A sociodemographic form, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Self-Stigma Inventory for Families, and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale were utilized. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the predictive factors for higher burden.Results Caregiver burden in ASD was significantly higher than in schizophrenia. Regression analysis showed that the predictors of high caregiver burden were the need for self-care (OR=3.6), self-destructive behaviors (OR=3.4), self-stigma (OR=1.1), depression (OR=1.1), and level of income (OR=1.0) for all family members. When the diagnosis was removed from the equation, the factors determining the high burden did not change.Conclusion This study suggests that characteristics of the illness are stronger predictors than family members’ characteristics in explaining high caregiver burden for both illnesses. Psychological, social, and economic supports should be provided for families to help alleviate their caregiving burden.
Abstract
Objective There is no study comparing schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in terms of caregiver burden. This study aims to compare the caregiver burden among family members of the patients with schizophrenia and ASD and investigate the predictive factors.Methods A cross-sectional study with the family members living with and/or providing care to their patients was carried out. A sociodemographic form, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Self-Stigma Inventory for Families, and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale were utilized. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the predictive factors for higher burden.Results Caregiver burden in ASD was significantly higher than in schizophrenia. Regression analysis showed that the predictors of high caregiver burden were the need for self-care (OR=3.6), self-destructive behaviors (OR=3.4), self-stigma (OR=1.1), depression (OR=1.1), and level of income (OR=1.0) for all family members. When the diagnosis was removed from the equation, the factors determining the high burden did not change.Conclusion This study suggests that characteristics of the illness are stronger predictors than family members’ characteristics in explaining high caregiver burden for both illnesses. Psychological, social, and economic supports should be provided for families to help alleviate their caregiving burden.
참고문헌 (48)
- Tsang HWH, "Sources of burdens on families of individuals with mental illness", Int J Rehabil Res, 26, pp.123~130 (2003)
- Papadopoulos C, "Systematic review of the relationship between autism stigma and informal caregiver mental health", J Autism Dev Disord, 49, pp.1665~1685 (2019)
- Siddiqui S, "Determining the caregivers’ burden in caregivers of patients with mental illness", Pak J Med Sci, 35, pp.1329~1333 (2019)
- Kamil SH, "Caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia:who are they and what are their challenges?", Curr Opin Psychiatry, 32, pp.157~163 (2019)
- Caqueo-Urizar A, "Burden of care in families of patients with schizophrenia", Qual Life Res, 15, pp.719~724 (2006)
- Kaschowitz J, "Health effects of informal caregiving across Europe : a longitudinal approach", Soc Sci Med, 173, pp.72~80 (2017)
- Ribé JM, "Quality of life in family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in Spain : caregiver characteristics, caregiving burden, family functioning, and social and professional support", Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract, 22, pp.25~33 (2018)
- Alnazly EK, "Psychological distress and perceived burden in caregivers of persons with autism spectrum disorder", Perspect Psychiatr Care, 55, pp.501~508 (2019)
- Zarit SH, "Subjective burden of husbands and wives as caregivers : a longitudinal study", Gerontologist, 26, pp.260~265 (1986)
- Liu Z, "Caregiver burden : a concept analysis", Int J Nurs Sci, 7, pp.438~445 (2020)
- Chan SW, "Global perspective of burden of family caregivers for persons with schizophrenia", Arch Psychiatr Nurs, 25, pp.339~349 (2011)
- Grandón P, "Primary caregivers of schizophrenia outpatients : burden and predictor variables", Psychiatry Res, 158, pp.335~343 (2008)
- Gülseren L, "The perceived burden of care and its correlates in schizophrenia", Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 21, pp.203~212 (2010)
- Rabinowitz J, "Association of prominent positive and prominent negative symptoms and functional health, well-being, healthcare-related quality of life and family burden : a CATIE analysis", Schizophr Res, 150, pp.339~342 (2013)
- Jagannathan A, "Predictors of family caregiver burden in schizophrenia : study from an inpatient tertiary care hospital in India", Asian J Psychiatr, 8, pp.94~98 (2014)
- Yazici E, "Burden on caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and related factors", Noro Psikiyatr Ars, 53, pp.96~101 (2016)
- Souza ALR, "Factors associated with the burden of family caregivers of patients with mental disorders : a cross-sectional study", BMC Psychiatry, 17, pp.353~ (2017)
- Yu Y, "Reported family burden of schizophrenia patients in rural China", PLoS One, 12, pp.e0179425~ (2017)
- Hajebi A, "Burden experienced by caregivers of schizophrenia patients and its related factors", Med J Islam Repub Iran, 33, pp.54~ (2019)
- Peng MM, "Perception of social support and psychotic symptoms among persons with schizophrenia : a strategy to lessen caregiver burden", Int J Soc Psychiatry, 65, pp.548~557 (2019)
- Baykal S, "An examination of the relations between symptom distributions in children diagnosed with autism and caregiver Burden, anxiety and depression levels", Community Ment Health J, 55, pp.311~317 (2019)
- Vogan V, "Factors associated with caregiver burden among parents of individuals with ASD : differences across intellectual functioning", Fam Relat, 63, pp.554~567 (2014)
- Chadda RK, "Caregiver burden and coping : a prospective study of relationship between burden and coping in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder", Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 42, pp.923~930 (2007)
- Rhee TG, "Does improvement in symptoms and quality of life in chronic schizophrenia reduce family caregiver burden?", Psychiatry Res, 271, pp.402~404 (2019)
- Shiraishi N, "Positive and negative impacts of schizophrenia on family caregivers : a systematic review and qualitative meta-summary", Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 54, pp.277~290 (2019)
- American Psychiatric Association, "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-5®)" (2013), American Psychiatric Pub
- Marsack-Topolewski CN, "Empirical evaluation of the association between daily living skills of adults with autism and parental caregiver burden", PLoS One, 16, pp.e0244844~ (2021)
- Picardi A, "Parental burden and its correlates in families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder : a multicentre study with two comparison groups", Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health, 14, pp.143~176 (2018)
- Kissel SD, "Parents’ Perceptions of the severity of their child’s autistic behaviors and differences in parental stress, family functioning, and social support", Focus Autism Other Dev Disabl, 31, pp.152~160 (2016)
- Chakrabarti S, "A comparison of the extent and pattern of family burden in affective disorders and schizophrenia", Indian J Psychiatry, 37, pp.105~112 (1995)
- Grover S, "A comparative study of caregivers’ perceptions of health-care needs and burden of patients with bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia", Nord J Psychiatry, 69, pp.629~636 (2015)
- Gupta S, "Assessing health status in informal schizophrenia caregivers compared with health status in noncaregivers and caregivers of other conditions", BMC Psychiatry, 21, pp.162~ (2015)
- Fernando SM, "A carer burden and stigma in schizophrenia and affective disorders : experiences from Sri Lanka", Asian J Psychiatr, 26, pp.77~81 (2017)
- Beck AT, "An inventory for measuring depression", Arch Gen Psychiatry, 4, pp.561~571 (1961)
- Hisli N, "Beck Depresyon Envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliliği, güvenirliği", Psikoloji Dergisi, 7, pp.3~13 (1989)
- Yildiz M, "Development of Self-Stigma Inventory for Families of the patients with schizophrenia(SSI-F) : validity and reliability study", Psychiatr Clin Psychopharmacol, 29, pp.463~471 (2019)
- Zarit SH, "Relatives of the impaired elderly : correlates of feelings of burden", Gerontologist, 20, pp.649~655 (1980)
- Özlü A, "A reliability and validity study on the Zarit caregiver burden scale", Arch Neuropsychiatry, 46, pp.38~42 (2009)
- Suresh APC, "Comparison of burden among primary care-givers of children with autism and intellectual disability against children with intellectual disability only in a hospital population in India", Indian J Pediatr, 81(Suppl 2), pp.179~182 (2014)
- Sruamsiri R, "Productivity loss of caregivers of schizophrenia patients : a cross-sectional survey in Japan", J Ment Health, 27, pp.583~587 (2018)
- Rogge N, "The economic costs of autism spectrum disorder : a literature review", J Autism Dev Disord, 49, pp.2873~2900 (2019)
- Inogbo CF, "Burden of care amongst caregivers who are first degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia", Pan Afr Med J, 28, pp.284~ (2017)
- Mak WWS, "Internalization of stigma for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Hong Kong", Soc Sci Med, 70, pp.2045~2051 (2010)
- Singh P, "Subjective burden and depression in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder in India : moderating effect of social support", J Autism Dev Disord, 47, pp.3097~3111 (2017)
- Zhou T, "Affiliate stigma and depression in caregivers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in China : effects of self-esteem, shame and family functioning", Psychiatry Res, 264, pp.260~265 (2018)
- Kate N, "Relationship of caregiver burden with coping strategies, social support, psychological morbidity, and quality of life in the caregivers of schizophrenia", Asian J Psychiatr, 6, pp.380~388 (2013)
- Konstantareas MM, "Assessing child symptom severity and stress in parents of autistic children", J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 30, pp.459~470 (1989)
- Maguire R, "Beyond care burden : associations between positive psychological appraisals and well-being among informal caregivers in Europe", Qual Life Res, 28, pp.2135~2146 (2019)