단일 기관 내의 급성 연쇄구균감염후 사구체신염 발생의 임상적 고찰
Clinical Patterns of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis: A Single Center’s Experience
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목 적:급성 연쇄구균감염후 사구체신염은 소아 신질환 중 이전부터 흔히 접할 수 있는 질환이었으나 그 발생 빈도는 점점 감소되는 것으로 보고 되고 있다. 이에 단일 기관 내의 급성 연쇄구균감염후 사구체신염의 최근 발생빈도와 질환의 임상양상들을 분석하여 그 추세를 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법:일산병원이 개원한 2000년 3월부터 2009년 12월까지 본 병원 소아청소년과에 입원하여 급성 연쇄구균감염후 사구체신염을 진단받은 총 27명의 환아들을 대상으로 의무 기록을 후향적으로 조사하여 임상 및 검사 소견들을 분석하였다. 결과:급성 연쇄구균감염후 사구체신염은 남녀비 1.25:1로 거의 동일한 비율로 6-7세(37.0%)에서 그리고 1년 중 11월에서 2월 사이(51.9%)에 호발하였으며 2000년부터 2009년까지 꾸준한 발병률을 보였다. 그러나 대표적 임상 증상인 부종은 59.3%로 이전 연구들보다 낮은 경향이었으며, 6개월 이상 혈뇨를 보인 환아들 또한 22.2%로 관찰되었다. 중증 합병증인 고혈압성 뇌증 또한 3.7%에서만 관찰되었으며 급성 신부전으로 투석까지 시행한 환아는 없었다. 결론:이 단일 기관 내에서 급성 연쇄구균감염후 사구체신염의 발생빈도는 약간 감소 또는 유지하는 추세로 보이나 질환의 중증도 및 합병증은 과거에 비해 약해지는 경향을 보임을 알 수 있었다.
Abstract
Purpose:The aim of this study is to investigate the change in incidence and clinical characteristics of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) through a single center’s experience. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 53 children who were diagnosed with glomerular nephritis at National Health Insurance Corporation Ilsan Hospital between March 2000 and December 2009. Twenty-six of 53 patients falled to meet the dragnostic criteria of APSGN and were excluded. Chief complaints, physical examinations, urinalysis, urine culture, laboratory results, chest x-ray, and clinical manifestations were all retrieved from the remaining 27 patients. Results:The incidence of APSGN by age was highest in children between six to seven years of age, with similar distributions in both genders, and seasonal incidence was higher from November to February when compared to other months, which was similar to the previously reported studies. However, the annual number of APSGN patients did not show a significant decrease from 2000 to 2009. The incidences of edema and hypertension were 59.3% and 48.1% respectively, suggesting lower incidences than those from previous studies. Six patients (22.2%) experienced hematuria for more than 6 months. Hypertensive encephalopathy, one of APSGN critical complications occurred in one patient but resolved with conservative treatment. Conclusion:Our study shows that APSGN still occur as a common renal disease but the disease severity seems to decrease with milder clinical manifestations and less complications compared to past studies.
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