Effects of sodium diacetate or microbial inoculants on aerobic stability of wilted rye silage
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: The primary goal was to identify the effectiveness of chemical or biological additives in delaying the deterioration of early-harvested wilted rye silage after exposure to air. Methods: Rye harvested as a whole plant at the early heading stage was wilted for 24 h. The wilted forage was divided into treatments including sodium diacetate (SDA) at 3 (SDA3) and 6 g/kg (SDA6), Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), L. buchneri (LB), or their equal mixture (LP+LB) at 1×106 colony-forming unit/g fresh matter. Results: After 60 d of conservation in 20-L silos, lactic acid was greater in LP and LP+LB silages than other treatments (102 vs 90.2 g/kg dry matter [DM]). Acetic acid was greatest in SDA6 (32.0 g/kg DM) followed by LB (26.1 g/kg DM) and was lowest in LP treatment (4.73 g/kg DM). Silage pH was lower with microbial inoculation and the lowest and highest values were observed in LP and untreated silages, respectively. After 60 d, neutral detergent fiber concentration was lowest in SDA6 silages, resulting in the greatest in vitro DM digestibility (846 g/kg DM). Aerobic stability was longest in SDA6 (176 h) followed by LB treatment (134 h). Instability after aerobiosis was greatest in LP silages (68 h), about 8 h less than untreated silages. After aerobic exposure, yeast and mold numbers were lowest in SDA6 silages, resulting in DM loss minimization. Exhaustion of acetic acid and lactic acid after aerobic exposure was lowest with SDA6 but greatest with untreated and LP silages. Conclusion: Treatment of early-cut wilted rye forage with SDA at 6 g/kg resulted in silages with higher feeding value and fermentation quality, and substantially delayed deterioration after aerobic exposure, potentially qualifying SDA at this load for promotion of silage quality and delaying aerobic spoilage of early-harvested (low DM) rye forage.
Abstract
Objective: The primary goal was to identify the effectiveness of chemical or biological additives in delaying the deterioration of early-harvested wilted rye silage after exposure to air. Methods: Rye harvested as a whole plant at the early heading stage was wilted for 24 h. The wilted forage was divided into treatments including sodium diacetate (SDA) at 3 (SDA3) and 6 g/kg (SDA6), Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), L. buchneri (LB), or their equal mixture (LP+LB) at 1×106 colony-forming unit/g fresh matter. Results: After 60 d of conservation in 20-L silos, lactic acid was greater in LP and LP+LB silages than other treatments (102 vs 90.2 g/kg dry matter [DM]). Acetic acid was greatest in SDA6 (32.0 g/kg DM) followed by LB (26.1 g/kg DM) and was lowest in LP treatment (4.73 g/kg DM). Silage pH was lower with microbial inoculation and the lowest and highest values were observed in LP and untreated silages, respectively. After 60 d, neutral detergent fiber concentration was lowest in SDA6 silages, resulting in the greatest in vitro DM digestibility (846 g/kg DM). Aerobic stability was longest in SDA6 (176 h) followed by LB treatment (134 h). Instability after aerobiosis was greatest in LP silages (68 h), about 8 h less than untreated silages. After aerobic exposure, yeast and mold numbers were lowest in SDA6 silages, resulting in DM loss minimization. Exhaustion of acetic acid and lactic acid after aerobic exposure was lowest with SDA6 but greatest with untreated and LP silages. Conclusion: Treatment of early-cut wilted rye forage with SDA at 6 g/kg resulted in silages with higher feeding value and fermentation quality, and substantially delayed deterioration after aerobic exposure, potentially qualifying SDA at this load for promotion of silage quality and delaying aerobic spoilage of early-harvested (low DM) rye forage.
참고문헌 (30)
- Bruckner P, "Factors influencing species and cultivar choice of small grains for winter forage", J Prod Agric, 3, pp.349~355 (1990)[DOI]
- Kim JG, "Effects of maturity at harvest and wilting days on quality of round baled rye silage", Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 14, pp.1233~1237 (2001)[DOI]
- Auerbach H, "Additive type affects fermentation, aerobic stability and mycotoxin formation during air exposure of early-cut rye (Secale cereale L.) silage", Agronomy, 10, pp.1432~ (2020)[DOI]
- Borreani G, "Silage review : Factors affecting dry matter and quality losses in silages", J Dairy Sci, 101, pp.3952~3979 (2018)[DOI]
- McDonald P, "The biochemistry of silage" (1991), Chalcombe Publications
- Xianjun Yuan, "Effects of sodium diacetate on the fermentation profile, chemical composition and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage", Animal Bioscience, 30(6), pp.804~810 (2017), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
- Okur AA, "Effects of apple vinegar addition on aerobic deterioration of fermented high moisture maize using infrared thermography as an indicator", Sensors, 22, pp.771~ (2022)[DOI]
- Muck RE, "Silage review : Recent advances and future uses of silage additives", J Dairy Sci, 101, pp.3980~4000 (2018)[DOI]
- Kleinschmit DH, "A meta-analysis of the effects of Lactobacillus buchneri on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn and grass and small-grain silages", J Dairy Sci, 89, pp.4005~4013 (2006)[DOI]
- Danner H, "Acetic acid increases stability of silage under aerobic conditions", Appl Environ Microbiol, 69, pp.562~567 (2003)[DOI]
- Oliveira AS, "Meta-analysis of effects of inoculation with homofermentative and facultative heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria on silage fermentation, aerobic stability, and the performance of dairy cows", J Dairy Sci, 100, pp.4587~4603 (2017)[DOI]
- Ferrero F, "Lentilactobacillus hilgardii inoculum, dry matter contents at harvest and length of conservation affect fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of corn silage", Front Microbiol, 12, pp.675563~ (2021)[DOI]
- Wilkinson JW, "The aerobic stability of silage : key findings and recent developments", Grass Forage Sci, 68, pp.1~19 (2013)[DOI]
- Tabacco E, "Dry matter and nutritional losses during aerobic deterioration of corn and sorghum silages as influenced by different lactic acid bacteria inocula", J Dairy Sci, 94, pp.1409~1419 (2011)[DOI]
- Driehuis F, "Silage review : animal and human health risks from silage", J Dairy Sci, 101, pp.4093~4110 (2018)[DOI]
- Bernardes TF, "Silage review : Unique challenges of silages made in hot and cold regions", J Dairy Sci, 101, pp.4001~4019 (2018)[DOI]
- Li YF, "Effects of sodium diacetate or microbial inoculants on fermentative quality of wilted rye forage", ~
- Sheng Nan Wei, "Evaluation of forage production, feed value, and ensilability of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)", 한국축산학회지, 64(1), pp.38~51 (2022), 한국축산학회
- Broderick G, "Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media", J Dairy Sci, 63, pp.64~75 (1980)[DOI]
- Van Soest PJ, "Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition", J Dairy Sci, 74, pp.3583~3597 (1991)[DOI]
- Yemm EW, "The estimation of carbohydrates in plant extracts by anthrone", Biochem J, 57, pp.508~514 (1954)[DOI]
- Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications), "Goering HK", US Agricultural Research Service, ~ (1970)
- Woolford MK, "The silage fermentation", pp.350~ (1984), Marcel Dekker
- Driehuis F, "Fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of grass silage inoculated with Lactobacillus buchneri, with or without homofermentative lactic acid bacteria", Grass Forage Sci, 56, pp.330~343 (2001)[DOI]
- Auerbach H, "Effects of various additives on fermentation, aerobic stability and volatile organic compounds in whole-crop rye silage", Agronomy, 10, pp.1873~ (2020)[DOI]
- Comino L, "Effects of an inoculant containing a Lactobacillus buchneri that produces ferulate-esterase on fermentation products, aerobic stability, and fibre digestibility of maize silage harvested at different stages of maturity", Anim Feed Sci Technol, 198, pp.94~106 (2014)[DOI]
- Jungbluth K, "A new ex-situ method to investigate aerobic stability of maize silage faces", J Agric Sci Food Technol, 2, pp.49~54 (2016)
- Jungbluth KH, "Effects of three different additives and two different bulk densities on maize silage characteristics, temperature profiles, CO2 and O2–dynamics in small scale silos during aerobic exposure", Appl Sci, 7, pp.545~ (2017)[DOI]
- Kim JS, "Effect of microbial inoculant or molasses on fermentative quality and aerobic stability of sawdust-based spent mushroom substrate", Bioresour Technol, 216, pp.188~195 (2016)[DOI]
- Shan G, "Dual sensor measurement shows that temperature outperforms pH as an early sign of aerobic deterioration in maize silage", Sci Rep, 11, pp.8686~ (2021)[DOI]