Dynamic of heat production partitioning in rooster by indirect calorimetry
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: The objective of this study was to describe a methodological procedure to quantify the heat production (HP) partitioning in basal metabolism or fasting heat production (FHP), heat production due to physical activity (HPA), and the thermic effect of feeding (TEF) in roosters. Methods: Eighteen 54-wk-old Hy Line Brown roosters (2.916±0.15 kg) were allocated in an open-circuit chamber of respirometry for O2 consumption (VO2), CO2 production (VCO2), and physical activity (PA) measurements, under environmental comfort conditions, following the protocol: adaptation (3 d), ad libitum feeding (1 d), and fasting conditions (1 d). The Brouwer equation was used to calculate the HP from VO2 and VCO2. The plateau-FHP (parameter L) was estimated through the broken line model: HP = U×(R–t)×I+L; I = 1 if t<R or I = 0 if t>R; Where the broken-point (R) was assigned as the time (t) that defined the difference between a short and long fasting period, I is conditional, and U is the decreasing rate after the feed was withdrawn. The HP components description was characterized by three events: ad libitum feeding and short and long fasting periods. Linear regression was adjusted between physical activity (PA) and HP to determine the HPA and to estimate the standardized FHP (st-FHP) as the intercept of PA = 0. Results: The time when plateau-FHP was reached at 11.7 h after withdrawal feed, with a mean value of 386 kJ/kg0.75/d, differing in 32 kJ from st-FHP (354 kJ/kg0.75/d). The slope of HP per unit of PA was 4.52 kJ/mV. The total HP in roosters partitioned into the st-FHP, termal effect of feeding (TEF), and HPA was 56.6%, 25.7%, and 17.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The FHP represents the largest fraction of energy expenditure in roosters, followed by the TEF. Furthermore, the PA increased the variation of HP measurements.
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to describe a methodological procedure to quantify the heat production (HP) partitioning in basal metabolism or fasting heat production (FHP), heat production due to physical activity (HPA), and the thermic effect of feeding (TEF) in roosters. Methods: Eighteen 54-wk-old Hy Line Brown roosters (2.916±0.15 kg) were allocated in an open-circuit chamber of respirometry for O2 consumption (VO2), CO2 production (VCO2), and physical activity (PA) measurements, under environmental comfort conditions, following the protocol: adaptation (3 d), ad libitum feeding (1 d), and fasting conditions (1 d). The Brouwer equation was used to calculate the HP from VO2 and VCO2. The plateau-FHP (parameter L) was estimated through the broken line model: HP = U×(R–t)×I+L; I = 1 if t<R or I = 0 if t>R; Where the broken-point (R) was assigned as the time (t) that defined the difference between a short and long fasting period, I is conditional, and U is the decreasing rate after the feed was withdrawn. The HP components description was characterized by three events: ad libitum feeding and short and long fasting periods. Linear regression was adjusted between physical activity (PA) and HP to determine the HPA and to estimate the standardized FHP (st-FHP) as the intercept of PA = 0. Results: The time when plateau-FHP was reached at 11.7 h after withdrawal feed, with a mean value of 386 kJ/kg0.75/d, differing in 32 kJ from st-FHP (354 kJ/kg0.75/d). The slope of HP per unit of PA was 4.52 kJ/mV. The total HP in roosters partitioned into the st-FHP, termal effect of feeding (TEF), and HPA was 56.6%, 25.7%, and 17.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The FHP represents the largest fraction of energy expenditure in roosters, followed by the TEF. Furthermore, the PA increased the variation of HP measurements.
참고문헌 (29)
- van Milgen J, "Dynamic aspects of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production in swine", Br J Nutr, 78, pp.397~410 (1997)[DOI]
- Labussière E, "Partitioning of heat production in growing pigs as a tool to improve the determination of efficiency of energy utilization", Front Physiol, 4, pp.146~ (2013)[DOI]
- Barott HG, "Energy and gaseous metabolism of the hen as affected by temperature", J Nutr, 22, pp.273~286 (1941)[DOI]
- O'Neill SJB, "The influence of feathering and environmental temperature on the heat production and efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy by the mature cockerel", J Agric Sci, 77, pp.293~305 (1971)[DOI]
- Rivera-Torres V, "Dynamics of energy utilization in male and female turkeys during growth", Animal, 5, pp.202~210 (2011)[DOI]
- Labussière E, "Fasting heat production and energy cost of standing activity in veal calves", Br J Nutr, 100, pp.1315~1324 (2008)[DOI]
- Koh K, "Effects of ambient temperature on heat increment of feeding and energy retention in growing broilers maintained at different food intakes", Br Poult Sci, 40, pp.511~516 (1999)
- Noblet J, "Fasting heat production and metabolic BW in group-housed broilers", Animal, 9, pp.1138~1144 (2015)[DOI]
- Gleeson M, "Respiratory and cardiovascular responses of the exercising chicken to spinal cord cooling at different ambient temperatures. II. Respiratory responses", J Exp Biol, 114, pp.427~441 (1985)[DOI]
- Lighton JRB., "Measuring metabolic rates: a manual for scientists" (2008), Oxford University Press
- Brouwer E, "Report of sub-committee on constants and factors", Proceedings of the 3rd symposium on energy metabolism of farm animals, 11, pp.441~443 (1965)
- Rising R, "Indirect calorimetry evaluation of dietary protein and animal fat effects on energy utilisation of laying hens", Poult Sci, 68, pp.258~264 (1989)[DOI]
- Caldas JV, "The dynamics of body composition and body energy content in broilers", Poult Sci, 98, pp.866~877 (2019)[DOI]
- Sakomura NK, "Modeling energy utilization in broiler breeders, laying hens and broilers", Braz J Poult Sci, 6, pp.1~11 (2004)[DOI]
- Fuller HL, "Comparison of heat production of chickens measured by energy balance and by gaseous exchange", J Nutr, 113, pp.1403~1408 (1983)[DOI]
- Barnas GM, "Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to spinal cord cooling at thermoneutral, low and high ambient temperatures in the chicken", J Comp Physiol B, 155, pp.103~108 (1984)[DOI]
- Gerrits WJJ, "Indirect calorimetry", pp.19~34 (2015), Wageningen Academic Publishers
- Liu W, "Effects of body weight on total heat production and fasting heat production in net energy evaluation of broilers", Chin J Anim Nutr, 26, pp.2118~2125 (2014)
- Kuenzel WJ, "Basal metabolic rate in growing chicks Gallus domesticus", Poult Sci, 56, pp.619~627 (1977)[DOI]
- Liu W, "Apparent metabolizable and net energy values of corn and soybean meal for broiler breeding cocks", Poult Sci, 96, pp.135~143 (2017)[DOI]
- Horn AG, "Oxygen consumption during crowing by roosters : talk is cheap", Anim Behav, 50, pp.1171~1175 (1995)[DOI]
- Green JA, "Estimating energy expenditure of animals using the accelerometry technique : activity, inactivity and comparison with the heartrate technique", J Exp Biol, 212, pp.471~482 (2009)[DOI]
- Tickle PG, "Energy allocation and behaviour in the growing broiler chicken", Sci Rep, 8, pp.4562~ (2018)[DOI]
- McLeod MG, "Circadian variation in the heat production rate of the domestic fowl, Gallus domesticus : Effects of limiting feeding to a single daily meal", Comp Biochem Physiol A Physiol, 78, pp.687~690 (1984)[DOI]
- Rabello CBV, "Modelling energy utilisation in broiler breeder hens", Br Poult Sci, 47, pp.622~631 (2006)[DOI]
- van Milgen J, "Utilisation of metabolisable energy in broilers", Poult Sci, 80(S1), pp.170~ (2001)[DOI]
- Zubair AK, "Effect of early feed restriction and realimentation on heat production and changes in sizes of digestive organs of male broilers", Poult Sci, 73, pp.529~538 (1994)[DOI]
- Johnson RJ, "Relationship between starvation heat production and body size in the domestic fowl", Br Poult Sci, 26, pp.513~517 (1985)[DOI]
- Rivera-Torres V, "Energy partitioning in male growing turkeys", Poult Sci, 89, pp.530~538 (2010)[DOI]