Effects of dietary inclusion of blooming Ulva sp. on milk production, methane emitting potential, and physiological parameters in lactating Holstein cows
Effects of dietary inclusion of blooming Ulva sp. on milk production, methane emitting potential, and physiological parameters in lactating Holstein cows
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Objective: <i>Ulva</i> sp., a blooming macroalgae causing the green tide in Korea, has been suggested as a feed ingredient for ruminant livestock. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 3% dry matter inclusion of <i>Ulva</i> sp. in a total mixed ration (TMR) on milk production, methane emitting potential, and physiological parameters in lactating Holstein cows.Methods: A total of 36 cows were allocated into two groups considering milk production, parity, days in milk, and methane production concentration from respiration and eructation, and fed the TMR with or without 3% dry matter inclusion of <i>Ulva</i> sp. for 4 weeks. Methane emitting potential was measured using a laser methane detector in week 4, and feed, milk, and blood were collected every 2 weeks.Results: <i>Ulva</i> sp. inclusion did not affect methane production concentration from respiration and eructation, but tended to decrease the methane intensity concentration from respiration (p = 0.06) and eructation (p = 0.06). In addition, it increased the milk fat yield, energy-corrected milk, and net energy for lactation in week 2, but this did not persist to week 4, indicating the interaction between treatment and week (p<0.05). Likewise, it increased milk urea nitrogen, blood urea nitrogen, and white blood cell counts in week 2 but not in week 4 (p<0.05). Cortisol concentration in hair tended to decrease with <i>Ulva</i> sp. inclusion (p<0.10), whereas the serum total antioxidant capacity and uric acid were not affected.Conclusion: It was demonstrated that <i>Ulva</i> sp. can be utilized as a feed ingredient for lactating cows without any adverse effects on milk production, complete blood cell counts, or blood metabolites. The potential methane-reducing property of <i>Ulva</i> sp. should be further investigated in future studies.
Abstract
Objective: Ulva sp., a blooming macroalgae causing the green tide in Korea, has been sug gested as a feed ingredient for ruminant livestock. The objective of this study was to inves tigate the effects of 3% dry matter inclusion of Ulva sp. in a total mixed ration (TMR) on milk production, methane emitting potential, and physiological parameters in lactating Holstein cows. Methods: A total of 36 cows were allocated into two groups considering milk production, parity, days in milk, and methane production concentration from respiration and eructa tion, and fed the TMR with or without 3% dry matter inclusion of Ulva sp. for 4 weeks. Methane emitting potential was measured using a laser methane detector in week 4, and feed, milk, and blood were collected every 2 weeks. Results: Ulva sp. inclusion did not affect methane production concentration from respira tion and eructation, but tended to decrease the methane intensity concentration from res piration (p = 0.06) and eructation (p = 0.06). In addition, it increased the milk fat yield, en ergy-corrected milk, and net energy for lactation in week 2, but this did not persist to week 4, indicating the interaction between treatment and week (p<0.05). Likewise, it increased milk urea nitrogen, blood urea nitrogen, and white blood cell counts in week 2 but not in week 4 (p<0.05). Cortisol concentration in hair tended to decrease with Ulva sp. inclusion (p<0.10), whereas the serum total antioxidant capacity and uric acid were not affected. Conclusion: It was demonstrated that Ulva sp. can be utilized as a feed ingredient for lac tating cows without any adverse effects on milk production, complete blood cell counts, or blood metabolites. The potential methane-reducing property of Ulva sp. should be further investigated in future studies.