The Effect of Psychological Inflexibility on Social-Distancing Phobia Mediated by Preoccupation With Sleep and Intolerance of Uncertainty in the Elderly Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective The aim of this study was to explore whether psychological inflexibility in the elderly population is related to social-distancing phobia, and examine whether their viral anxiety, preoccupation with sleep, or intolerance of uncertainty may mediate the relationship.Methods Among the elderly population aged ≥65 in Korea, we conducted an anonymous online survey during January and February 2023. We collected the responses of 300 participants, collected demographic information, and symptoms using rating scales such as the Social-Distancing Phobia scale, Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES).Results Social-distancing phobia was expected by the SAVE-6 (β=0.34, p<0.001), IUS-12 (β=0.18, p=0.003), and GSES (β=0.18, p= 0.001) in the linear regression analysis. In the mediation analysis, psychological inflexibility did not directly influence social-distancing phobia. However, viral anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, or preoccupation with sleep completely mediated the influence of psychological inflexibility on social-distancing phobia among elderly population.Conclusion The management of psychological inflexibility, intolerance of uncertainty, or preoccupation with sleep needs to be considered when designing interventions to address social-distancing phobia in elderly populations in future pandemics.
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore whether psychological inflexibility in the elderly population is related to social-distancing phobia, and examine whether their viral anxiety, preoccupation with sleep, or intolerance of uncertainty may mediate the relationship.Methods Among the elderly population aged ≥65 in Korea, we conducted an anonymous online survey during January and February 2023. We collected the responses of 300 participants, collected demographic information, and symptoms using rating scales such as the Social-Distancing Phobia scale, Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES).Results Social-distancing phobia was expected by the SAVE-6 (β=0.34, p<0.001), IUS-12 (β=0.18, p=0.003), and GSES (β=0.18, p= 0.001) in the linear regression analysis. In the mediation analysis, psychological inflexibility did not directly influence social-distancing phobia. However, viral anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, or preoccupation with sleep completely mediated the influence of psychological inflexibility on social-distancing phobia among elderly population.Conclusion The management of psychological inflexibility, intolerance of uncertainty, or preoccupation with sleep needs to be considered when designing interventions to address social-distancing phobia in elderly populations in future pandemics.
참고문헌 (41)
- Vo HL, "Adherence to social distancing measures for controlling CO VID-19 pandemic : successful lesson from Vietnam", Front Public Health, 8, pp.589900~ (2020)
- Chu DK, "Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 : a systematic review and meta-analysis", Lancet, 395, pp.1973~1987 (2020)
- Chung S, "Viral anxiety mediates the influence of intolerance of uncertainty on adherence to physical distancing among healthcare workers in COVID-19 pandem ic", Front Psychiatry, 13, pp.839656~ (2022)
- Wasserman D, "The term"physical distancing"is recommended rather than"social distancing"during the COVID-19pandemic for reducing feelings of rejection among people with mental health problems", Eur Psychiatry, 63, pp.e52~ (2020)
- Gunlu A, "Development of social distancing phobia scale and its asso ciation with anxiety and perceived stress", Int J Ment Health Addict, 21, pp.617~637 (2023)
- Cho IK, "Intolerance of uncertainty mediates the influence of viral anxiety on social distancing phobia among the general Korean population during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic", Psychiatry Investig, 19, pp.712~721 (2022)
- Pijls BG, "Demographic risk factors for COVID-19 infection, severity, ICU admission and death : a meta-analysis of 59 studies", BMJ Open, 11, pp.e044640~ (2021)
- Kim H, "Effect of cancer-re lated dysfunctional beliefs about sleep on fear of cancer progression in the coronavirus pandemic", J Korean Med Sci, 37, pp.e272~ (2022)
- Martins Van Jaarsveld G, "The effects of COVID-19 among the elderly population : a case for closing the digital divide", Front Psychiatry, 12, pp.577427~ (2020)
- Falvo I, "Lived experiences of older adults during the first COVID-19 lockdown : a qualitative study", PLoS One, 16, pp.e0252101~ (2021)
- Cardinali DP, "Elderly as a high-risk group during COVID-19 pandemic : effect of circadian mis alignment, sleep dysregulation and melatonin administration", Sleep Vigil, 4, pp.81~87 (2020)
- Sayin Kasar K, "Life in lockdown : social isolation, loneliness and quality of life in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic : a scoping review", Geriatr Nurs, 42, pp.1222~1229 (2021)
- Okajima I, "Is COVID-somnia fact or fiction?", Sleep Med Res, 13, pp.121~125 (2022)
- Zhang QQ, "Prevalence of insomnia symptoms in old er Chinese adults during the COVID-19 pandemic : a meta-analysis", Front Med(Lausanne), 8, pp.779914~ (2021)
- Chung S, "The prevalence and incidence of insomnia in Korea during 2005 to 2013", Psychiatry Investig, 17, pp.533~540 (2020)
- Cho E, "Insomnia mediate the influence of reassurance-seeking behavior and viral anxiety on preoc cupation with COVID-19 among the general population", Sleep Med Res, 13, pp.68~74 (2022)
- Hong J, "Mediation effect of self-efficacy and resilience on the psychologi cal well-being of Lebanese people during the crises of the COVID-19pandemic and the Beirut explosion", Front Psychiatry, 12, pp.733578~ (2022)
- Jungmann SM, "Health anxiety, cyberchondria, and cop ing in the current COVID-19 pandemic : which factors are related to coronavirus anxiety?", J Anxiety Disord, 73, pp.102239~ (2020)
- McCracken LM, "The role of psy chological flexibility in the context of COVID-19 : associations with depression, anxiety, and insomnia", J Contextual Behav Sci, 19, pp.2835~ (2021)
- Bond FW, "Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Ac tion Questionnaire-II : a revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance", Behav Ther, 42, pp.676~688 (2011)
- Hayes SC, "Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame the ory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies-repub lished article", Behav Ther, 47, pp.869~885 (2016)
- Smith BM, "Psychological inflexibility and intol erance of uncertainty moderate the relationship between social isolation and mental health outcomes during COVID-19", J Contextual Behav Sci, 18, pp.162~174 (2020)
- Cohen J, "Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences" (1988), Routledge
- Eysenbach G, "Improving the quality of Web surveys : the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys(CHERRIES)", J Med Internet Res, 6, pp.e34~ (2004)
- Chung S, "The Stress and Anxi ety to Viral Epidemics-6 Items(SAVE-6)Scale : a new instrument for assessing the anxiety response of general population to the viral epidem ic during the COVID-19 pandemic", Front Psychol, 12, pp.669606~ (2021)
- Chung S, "Development of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9(SAVE-9)Scale for assess ing work-related stress and anxiety in healthcare workers in response to viral epidemics", J Korean Med Sci, 36, pp.e319~ (2021)
- Carleton RN, "Fearing the unknown : a short version of the intolerance of uncertainty scale", J Anxiety Disord, 21, pp.105~117 (2007)
- Kim SH, "The relationship of fear of negative and positive evaluation, intolerance of uncertainty, and social anxiety", pp.2010
- Heo J, "Study on the reliability and validity of Korean Translated Acceptance-Action Questionnaire-II", Korean J Counsel Psychotherapy, 21, pp.861~878 (2009)
- Broomfield NM, "Towards a valid, reliable measure of sleep effort", J Sleep Res, 14, pp.401~407 (2005)
- Kim MK, "Validation of Korean version of Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale(GSES)", Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Korea, 14, pp.319~337 (2014)
- Bottesi G, "Re vising the intolerance of uncertainty model of generalized anxiety dis order : evidence from UK and Italian undergraduate samples", Front Psychol, 7, pp.1723~ (2016)
- McCracken LM, "Health, well-be ing, and persisting symptoms in the pandemic : what is the role of psy chological flexibility?", J Contextual Behav Sci, 26, pp.187~192 (2022)
- Dawson DL, "COVID-19 : psychological flex ibility, coping, mental health, and wellbeing in the UK during the pan demic", J Contextual Behav Sci, 17, pp.126~134 (2020)
- Pellerin N, "Psycho logical resources and flexibility predict resilient mental health trajecto ries during the French covid-19 lockdown", Sci Rep, 12, pp.10674~ (2022)
- Mallett R, "Behind the masks : a cross sectional study on intolerance of uncertainty, perceived vulnerability to disease and psychological flexibility in relation to state anxiety and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic", J Contextual Behav Sci, 22, pp.52~62 (2021)
- Gilbert KE, "Associations between depres sion, anxious arousal and manifestations of psychological inflexibility", J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry, 62, pp.88~96 (2019)
- Kim JH, "The influence of physical distancing, sense of belonging, and resilience of nursing students on their viral anxiety during the COVID-19 era", Psychiatry Investig, 19, pp.386~393 (2022)
- Lee T, "Mediating ef fect of viral anxiety and perceived benefits of physical distancing on adherence to distancing among high school students amid COVID-19", J Korean Med Sci, 37, pp.e129~ (2022)
- Wang HY, "Role of COVID-19 anxiety and community risk factors on physical distancing practice", Behav Sci(Basel), 12, pp.110~ (2022)
- Peng J, "Effects of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep on sleep quality and mental health among patients with COVID-19 treated in Fangcang shelter hospitals", Front Public Health, 11, pp.1129322~ (2023)