남성리더십과 여성리더십 스타일과 리더십 효율성에 관한 연구
A Study on the Leadership Styles of Women and Men in Leadership Effectiveness
0
조회
0
다운로드
27
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
최근 여성리더십 연구의 필요성이 증대되고 있는 시점에서 부하들이 상사인남녀리더에 대하여 어떻게 지각하고 있는 지 파악함으로써, 남녀 리더의 평가를알아본다. 한편 평가하는 부하가 인식하는 리더십 스타일에 리더에 대한 평가가어떻게 달라지는 지 규명해볼 것이다. 그러므로 본 연구는 남성리더와 여성리더의리더십 스타일에 차이가 있는지, 남녀 리더십 행동 및 효율성에 차이가 있는 지를비교한 연구라 할 수 있다. 분석결과를 보면 리더십 스타일에서 변혁적 리더십은남성리더보다 여성리더가 더 높다고 평가되었다. 과제지향적 리더십과 거래적 리더십은 남성리더가 여성리더 보다 높게 평가되었다. 관계지향적 리더십의 남녀가차이는 유의미하지 못했다. 남성리더와 여성리더에 대한 평가가 조사대상자의 성별에 따라 달라지는지를 알아보기 위한 분석에서 남성리더에 대한 남녀부하의 평가를 비교한 결과, 남성부하나 여성부하 모두 과제지향적, 거래적 리더십을 여성리더보다 남성리더 쪽에 높게 평가한 반면, 여성 부하들의 경우 여성리더가 남성리더에 비해 관계지향적 리더십과 변혁적 리더십을 더 높게 평가하였다. 리더십효율성에 있어서는 남성리더와 여성리더 간의 경우 의사결정업무, 대인관계업무,관계조정업무, 부하상담업무에서 남녀 간 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서남녀부하의 남녀리더십에 대한 리더십 스타일과 리더십 효율성에는 부분적인 차이가 존재하는 것으로 결론내릴 수 있다.
Abstract
Empirical study comparing the leadership styles of women an men is a popular on management in organization. Consistent with study comparing women and men on many organizational behavior, I have identified that leadership style from survey. The this study examined follower's perception of the women and men the leadership in organization. More specifically, I examined how male and female follower evaluated the leadership style and effectiveness of women and man, how these evaluations were affected by the degree of stereotypes of the followers toward gender roles, finally the variables affecting the evaluation of the leadership effectiveness. Total 158follower's participated in this survey to explore these research questions. The results that female evaluator were evaluated higher in the transformational leadership than male evaluator, while the evaluation for man leader was higher than the woman leader in terms of the transactional and task-oriented leadership style. Also, another analysis the gender difference of the organizational member revealed that woman leader better than man was higher leader relational and transformational leadership. However, both male and female followers who were no gender-difference in decision making work, interpersonal work, relation coordination work, consulting work.
참고문헌 (37)
- 강혜련, "리더십과 조직 적응: 남녀관리자의 비교연구", 인사조직연구, 6(2), pp.81~123 (1998)
- 신구범, "리더십 대체이론에 대한 연구", 인적자원관리연구, 14(1), pp.95~106 (2007), 한국인적자원관리학회
- Abbey, Antonia, "The Effects of Nonverbal Cues on Gender Differences in Perceptions of Sexual intent", Sex Roles, 15, pp.283~298 (1986)
- Bale, R. F., "Interaction Process Analysis: A Method for the Study of Small Groups" (1950), Addison-Wesley
- Bass, B. M., "Leadership and Performance beyond Expectations" (1985), Free Press
- Bass, B. M., "Bass & Stodgill's Handbook of Leadership: Theory, Research, and Managerial Applications (3rd ed.)" (1990), Free Press
- Bass, B. M., "Transformational Leadership: Industry, Mlitary, and Educational Impact" (1998), Erlbaum
- Book, E. W., "Why the Best Man for the Job is a Woman" (2000), HarperCollins
- Burns, J. M., "Leadership" (1978), Harper & Row
- Cann, A., "Gender Stereotypes and Dimensions of Effective Leadership Behavior", Sex Roles, 23, pp.413~419 (1990)
- Carli, L. L., "Gender Effects on Influence and Emergent Leadership. in: Handbook of Gender & Work", pp.203~222 (1999), Sage
- Center for Leadership Studies, "Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire" (2000), Norms
- Druskat, F. L., "Psyche: From Rocking the Cradle to Rocking the Boat", American Psychologist, 35, pp.1057~1065 (1980)
- Eagly, A. H., "Gender and Leadership Style: A Meta-analysis", Psychological Bulletin, 108, pp.233~256 (1990)
- Eagly, A. H., "Role Congruity Theory of Prejudice toward Female Leaders", Manuscript Under Review (2001)
- Eagly, A. H., "Gender and the Effectiveness of Leadership Styles of Women and Men 25 leaders: A Meta-analysis", Psychological Bulletin, 117, pp.125~145 (1995)
- Eagly, A. H., "Gender and the Evaluation of Leaders: A Meta-analysis", Psychological Bulletin, 111, pp.3~22 (1992)
- Eagly, A. H., "Social Role Theory of Sex Differences and Similarities: A Current Appraisal. in: The Developmental Social Psychology of Gender", pp.123~174 (2000), Erlbaum
- Ely, R. J., "The Power in Demography: Women’'s Social Constructions of Gender Identity at Work", Academy of Management Journal, 38, pp.589~634 (1995)
- Foels, R., "The Effects of Democratic Leadership on Group Member Satisfaction: An Integration", Small Group Research, 31, pp.676~701 (2000)
- Fondas, N., "Feminization Unveiled: Management Qualities in Contemporary Writings", Academy of Management Review, 22, pp.257~282 (1997)
- Gutek, B. A., "Sex-ratios, Sex-role Spillover, and Sexual Harassment of Women at work", Journal of Social Issues, 38(4), pp.55~74 (1982)
- Hackman, M. Z., "Perceptions of Gender-role Characteristics and Transformational and Transactional Leadership Behaviors", Perceptual and Motor Skills, 75, pp.311~319 (1992)
- Hemphill, J. K., "Development of the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire. in: Leader Behavior: Its Description and Measurement", pp.6~38 (1957), Ohio State University, Bureau of Business Research
- Kanter, R. M., "Men and Women of the Corporation" (1977), Basic Books
- Kimball, M. M., "Feminist Visions of Gender Similarities and Differences" (1995), Haworth Press
- Lewin, K., "An Experimental Approach to the Study of Autocracy and Democracy : A Preliminary Note", Psychometry, 1, pp.292~300 (1938)
- Miller, D. T., "Gender Gaps: Who Needs to be Explained?", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, pp.5~12 (1991)
- Powell, G. N., "One More Time: Do Male and Female Managers Differ?", Academy of Management Executive, 12, pp.731~743 (1990)
- Powell, G. N., "Women & Men in Management" (1993), Sage
- Powell, G. N., "Investigating the 'Glass Ceiling' Phenomenon: An Empirical Study of A쳐미 Promotions to Tap Management", Academy of Management Journal, 37, pp.68~86 (1994)
- Ridgeway, C. L., "Interaction and the Conservation of Gender Inequality: Considering Employment", American Sociological Review, 62, pp.218~235 (1997)
- Rosener, J. B., "America's Competitive Secret : Utilizing Women as a Management Strategy" (1995), Oxford University Press
- Ross, S. M., "Transformational Leaders: Measurement of Personality Attributes and Work Group Performance", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, pp.1078~1086 (1997)
- Thrall, P., "Success and Sharp Elbows: One woman’'s Path to Lofty Heights on Wall Street, New York Times, Section C,(1996, July 2)", 4~ (1996)
- Wood, W., "Conformity to Sextyped Norms, Affect, and the Self-concept", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, pp.523~535 (1997)
- Yukl, Gary, "Leadership in Organizations, 7th ed.", Pearson