Korean immigrant parents’ views of raising their children as tri-linguals within the multilingual Canadian society
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In a multicultural and multilingual context, it is generally assumed that individuals are more likely to become bi- or multi-linguals than people who live in a monolingual context. However, the multilingual environment may not be enough to ensure people’s bi- or multi-lingualism since there are diverse factors affecting their bi- or multi-lingual development. Among the diverse factors, immigrant parents’ perspectives on their children’s mother tongue maintenance along with the acquisition of the majority languages are well established findings in the area of mother tongue maintenance and bi- or multi-lingualism research. In this regard, this case study aims to investigate Korean immigrant parents’ views of raising their children as tri-linguals within the multilingual society. This qualitative case study was conducted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada with a questionnaire and qualitative interviewing over a two-month period from January to February 2018. Total 27 Korean immigrant parents participated in the research. The results of this study confirms the Korean immigrant parents’ positive views of raising their children as tri- or multi-linguals within the multilingual Montreal context. The findings of this study imply that the basic and mandatory requirement to become bi- or tri-linguals in the host society as linguistic minority immigrants should be the acquisition and maintenance of a mother tongue. The results also confirm that a mother tongue acquisition and ethnic identity maintenance are closely related, and the social and environmental factors have also very strong impacts on the children’s bi- or tri-lingual development in the multilingual society. Some implications emerged from the findings of the research for the Korean society which has become multicultural and multilingual were also provided.
Abstract
In a multicultural and multilingual context, it is generally assumed that individuals are more likely to become bi- or multi-linguals than people who live in a monolingual context. However, the multilingual environment may not be enough to ensure people’s bi- or multi-lingualism since there are diverse factors affecting their bi- or multi-lingual development. Among the diverse factors, immigrant parents’ perspectives on their children’s mother tongue maintenance along with the acquisition of the majority languages are well established findings in the area of mother tongue maintenance and bi- or multi-lingualism research. In this regard, this case study aims to investigate Korean immigrant parents’ views of raising their children as tri-linguals within the multilingual society. This qualitative case study was conducted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada with a questionnaire and qualitative interviewing over a two-month period from January to February 2018. Total 27 Korean immigrant parents participated in the research. The results of this study confirms the Korean immigrant parents’ positive views of raising their children as tri- or multi-linguals within the multilingual Montreal context. The findings of this study imply that the basic and mandatory requirement to become bi- or tri-linguals in the host society as linguistic minority immigrants should be the acquisition and maintenance of a mother tongue. The results also confirm that a mother tongue acquisition and ethnic identity maintenance are closely related, and the social and environmental factors have also very strong impacts on the children’s bi- or tri-lingual development in the multilingual society. Some implications emerged from the findings of the research for the Korean society which has become multicultural and multilingual were also provided.
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