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마라톤 완주기록에 따른 중년 주자의 심폐체력요인과 혈역학 반응 및 심장사건에 관한 연구

Cardiopulmonary fitness factors, hemodynamic responses, and cardiac events of the middle aged marathon runners according to the completion distance.

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초록

본 연구의 목적은 마라톤 완주기록에 따른 중년 주자들의 심혈관 사건의 위험성에 대해 알아보고 급사예방의 대안을 마련하기 위함이다. 연구대상자는 A집단(마라톤기록 <180분), B집단(마라톤기록: 180-209분), C집단(마라톤기록: 210-239분), D집단(마라톤기록 ≥240분)으로 총 313명의 마라톤 주자를 대상으로 하였다. 연구방법은 최대운동부하검사를 통하여 심혈관요인, 혈역학반응, 심장사건(심근허혈, 부정맥)을 분석하였고, 개인특성은 자가 설문지를 이용하였다. 연구결과는 개인적 특성 중 연령과 신장은 차이가 없었으며 BMI는 A<C, D 와 B<C 로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 운동경력은 유의한 차이가 없었고. 완주횟수는 A>C, C<D 로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 완주시간은 A<B, C, D로 B< C, D로 C<D 로 모두 유의한 차이를 보였다. 심혈관요인에서는 집단간에 차이가 없었으며 VO2max에서는 A>B>C>D 순으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. MT는 A>B>C, D 순으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 혈역학 반응에서 RHTN에서만 A>C, D 로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 심장사건에서 심근허혈은 집단간에 차이가 없었으나 부정맥은 A>B, C, D으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 결론적으로 Sub-3 주자의 개인적 특성은 BMI가 낮았고 높은 VO2max(58.5±6.0 ml/kg/min)와 운동내성을 나타냈다. 반면 Sub-3 주자들에게서 안정시 고혈압과(52.5%)와 부정맥(7.5%)이 나타났으며 모든 집단에서 심근허혈 현상(4.7%, n=15)이 나타나 중년의 마라톤 주자들의 급사예방을 위하여 정기적인 운동부하검사를 권고해야한다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify risks of cardiovascular events of Sub-3 middle-aged marathon runners and to present measures for prevention of sudden death. The subjects of this study were a total 313 marathon runners who were divided into group A (marathon record <180 minutes), group B (marathon record: 180-209 minutes), group C (marathon record: 210-239 minutes), and group D (marathon record ≥240 minutes) for comparison and analysis. As for methodology, the authors analyzed cardiovascular factors, hemodynamic response, and heart events (myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia) with maximal exercise stress test, and individual characteristics were collected from self-questionnaires. According to the results of this study, out of individual characteristics, age and height showed no significant difference, Body mass index (BMI) showed significant difference as A<C, D, and B<C, exercise career showed significant difference as C<D, and number of completing course showed significant difference as A>C and C<D. Cardiopulmonary fitness factors showed no difference among the groups, and VO2max showed significant difference as A>B>C>D order. Maximum time (MT) showed significant difference as A>C, D and B<C, D. As for hemodynamic reactions, only resting hypertension (RHTN) showed significant difference as A>C, and D. As for heart events, myocardial ischemia did not show differences among the groups while arrhythmia showed significant difference as A>B, C, and D. In conclusion, as for the individual characteristics of the Sub-3 runners, BMI were lower and VO2max (58.5±6.0 ml/kg/min) and exercise tolerance were higher. However, the Sub-3 runners showed hypertension (52.5%) and arrhythmia (7.5%) in resting and myocardial ischemia in all the groups (4.7%, n=15), indicating the need for exercise stress test on a regular basis is required in order to prevent sudden death of middle-aged marathon runners.

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