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규칙적인 운동을 통한 심폐체력의 향상이비만 청소년의 혈관기능에 미치는 영향

Effect of improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness by regular exercise training on vascular function in obese adolescents.

윤은선|제세영|박수현
한국운동생리학회|2012.11|운동과학 (Exercise Science)|제21권 제4호|pp. 485-494|DOI 10.15857/ksep.2012.21.4.485

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참고문헌

키워드

동맥경직도arterial stiffnessvascular endothelial function비만 청소년혈관 내피세포 기능심폐체력의 향상obesity adolescentchange in cardiorespiratory fitness

초록

혈관내피세포 장애 및 동맥경직도의 증가는 비만 청소년에서 조기 관상동맥질환과 관련이 있다. 반면 높은 심폐체력 수준은 비만 청소년에서 심혈관계 위험 및 혈관기능을 낮추는 것과 관련이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 규칙적인 운동을 통한 심폐체력 향상이 비만 청소년의 혈관 기능에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 비만 청소년 21명(남학생, 평균나이 13-14세)을 운동집단(11명)(12주, 40분, 주 5일)과 통제집단(10명)으로 무선 배정하였다. 심폐체력은 대사적 가스 분석기를 이용하여 최대산소섭취량을 측정하였으며, 신체조성은 전기저항법을 이용하여 측정하였다. 혈관 기능의 지표로써 경동맥-대퇴동맥 전파맥파 속도와 맥 증폭지수를 측정하였다. 본 연구에서, 허리둘레는 운동 집단에서 통제집단에서 보다 유의하게 감소되었다(ET 94.41±6.17 to 92.62±6.13 vs. CON 92.62±7.80 to 94.27±9.23 ㎝, p<.05). 심폐체력은 운동 집단에서 통제집단 보다 유의하게 증가되었다(ET 32.35±6.49 to 39.24±6.63 vs. CON 34.59±5.47 to 38.36±6.54 ㎖/㎏/min, p<.05). 체질량지수와 심혈관 위험인자는 운동 집단에서 향상되지 않았다. 맥 증폭지수는 운동 집단에서 유의하게 증가하였으나(ET 1.60±0.45 to 1.87±0.58 vs. CON 1.73±0.39 to 1.43±0.26%, p=<.05), 경동맥-대퇴동맥 맥파전파 속도는 유의하게 감소되지 않았다(ET 5.77±5.40 to 5.40±0.53 vs. CON 5.12±0.53 to 5.05±0.54 m/s, NS). 허리둘레 변화를 보정한 심폐체력의 변화는 맥증폭지수의 변화와 관련이 있었다(r=.457, p<.037). 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 규칙적인 운동은 비만 청소년들의 혈관의 내피세포 기능을 향상시키며, 향상된 심폐체력은 체중의 감소와는 독립적으로 혈관 내피세포 기능과 관련이 있었다.

Abstract

Vascular endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness are associated with early atherosclerosis in obese adolescents. High cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with diminished cardiovascular risk factors and improved vascular endothelial function in children. The purpose of the study was to examine effects of the improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness by regular exercise training on vascular function in obese adolescents. Twenty one obese adolescents (Schoolboy, Mean age：13-14 yr) were randomly assigned to an exercise training (ET)(12 weeks, 40 minutes, 5 days/week) group (n=11) and a non exercise control (CON) group (n=10). Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured using maximal oxygen uptake with metabolic gas analysis and body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance. We measured carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and reactive hyperemia index as indices of vascular function. Waist girth was significantly decreased in ET group than in CON group (ET 94.41±6.17 to 92.62±6.13 vs. CON 92.62±7.80 to 94.27±9.23 ㎝, p<.05). Cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly increased in ET group than CON group(ET 32.35±6.49 to 39.24±6.63 vs. CON 34.59±5.47 to 38.36±6.54 ㎖/㎏/min, p<.05). Body mass index and selected CVD risk factors were not improved in ET group. Reactive hyperemia index was significantly increased in ET group (ET 1.60±0.45 to 1.87±0.58 vs. CON 1.73±0.39 to 1.43±0.26%, p=<.05) but carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity did not significantly decrease in ET group (ET 5.77±5.40 to 5.40±0.53 vs. CON 5.12±0.53 to 5.05±0.54 m/s, NS). Change in cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with change in reactive hyperemia index after adjusted for changes in waist (r=.457, p<.037). These results show that regular exercise training improved endothelial function, and this was associated with improved cardiorespiratory fitness independent of changes in body weight in obese adolescents.

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