PBL 수업에서 공과대학 학생들의 자기효능감 수준에 따른 문제해결 능력 차이
A Study on the Differences of Problem-Solving Ability between Students with High Level of Self-efficacy and Students with Low Level of Self-efficacy
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초록
연구의 목적은 학생들의 자기효능감 수준에 따른 문제해결능력의 차이를 검증해 보는 것이었다. 즉, 자기효능감이 높은 학습자와 낮은 학습자의 PBL수업 후 문제해결능력의 차이를 살펴봄으로써 PBL 수업에서의 자기효능감의 중요성을 파악해 보고자 했다. 본 연구는 환경공학과 ‘환경기기분석’을 수강했던 3학년 72명의 학생들을 대상으로 진행되었다. PBL 활동을 시작하기 전 자기효능감 검사를 통해 나온 점수를 기준으로 상위 30%와 하위 30%의 학생들을 각각 선정하였고, 이들에게 문제해결 능력 사전검사를 실시하였다. 12주간의 PBL활동이 마무리 된 후 같은 학생들에게 사후 문제해결검사를 배포하고 완성하도록 요구하였다. 교정된 문제해결 능력 성취 수준이 자기효능감 상집단과 하집단에 따라 차이가 있는지를 확인하기 위하여 공분산분석을 실시한 결과, 두 집단은 유의 확률 .002로 유의수준 .01에서 유의미한 것으로 나타났다 (F=.11303, p<.01). 즉, 자기효능감 상집단의 평균(3.817)이 자기효능감 하집단의 평균(3.496)보다 높아 자기효능감은 문제해결 능력과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 PBL 수업과정에서 학습자의 자기효능감 수준을 향상시켜 효과적인 문제해결을 할 수 있도록 도울 필요가 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of problem-solving ability according to student's level of self-efficacy. Participants were 72 junior students who took the course ‘Environmental Instrumental Analysis’.Before the PBL activities, students were given the self-efficacy tests to all students. Among them, 44 students(30% of each high and low ranking) were selected and encouraged to complete pre-problem solving tests. The PBL was conducted for 12 weeks using blended learning strategies. After the PBL, 44students completed post-problem solving tests. Results showed that there were differences of problem-solving ability according to student's level of self-efficacy. From the results, instructional strategies for promoting students' self-efficacy should be employed for enhancing problem-solving ability in PBL activities.
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