4D nucleome: dynamic three-dimensional genome organization over time
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The chromatin architecture of mammalian genomes is intricately organized into a multilayered three-dimensional structure that features compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs), and chromatin loops1,2. Individual chromosomes segregate into either active or inactive compartments through homotypic interactions among genomic regions with similar transcriptional and chromatin states. TADs exhibit preferential interactions within their chromatin and are delineated by distinct boundaries, frequently forming loops. Chromosomal spatial folding and organization in the nucleus crucially regulate gene expression and cellular function, impacting both normal development and the onset of various diseases3,4,5. Exploring the 3D organization of DNA within the nucleus and its temporal changes is a key focus of the 4D Nucleome Project6. This special issue provides comprehensive reviews of technological advances in the investigation of the 3D organization of DNA in the nucleus and the functional implications of the 4D nucleome in physiology and human disease.
Abstract
The chromatin architecture of mammalian genomes is intricately organized into a multilayered three-dimensional structure that features compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs), and chromatin loops1,2. Individual chromosomes segregate into either active or inactive compartments through homotypic interactions among genomic regions with similar transcriptional and chromatin states. TADs exhibit preferential interactions within their chromatin and are delineated by distinct boundaries, frequently forming loops. Chromosomal spatial folding and organization in the nucleus crucially regulate gene expression and cellular function, impacting both normal development and the onset of various diseases3,4,5. Exploring the 3D organization of DNA within the nucleus and its temporal changes is a key focus of the 4D Nucleome Project6. This special issue provides comprehensive reviews of technological advances in the investigation of the 3D organization of DNA in the nucleus and the functional implications of the 4D nucleome in physiology and human disease.
참고문헌 (12)
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