본문 바로가기
KERD
논문

미세플라스틱의 개념과 해양에서의 발생, 이동, 생물영향 및 관리대책

The Concept of Microplastics and their Occurrence, Transport, Biological Effects, and Management Methods in the Ocean

한선기
한국환경보건학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Health)|2020.10|한국환경보건학회지 (JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES)|제46권 제5호|pp. 610-626|DOI 10.5668/JEHS.2020.46.5.610

2

조회

0

다운로드

6

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

behavioroceanconceptMicroplasticsmanagement methods

초록

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the concept of microplastics and their occurrence, transport, biological effects, and management methods in the ocean. Methods: I reviewed articles on microplastics in the ocean by using the Google Scholar database. Results: Plastic litter has been reported as a ubiquitous pollutant in the ocean due to the extensive consumption of plastics and the mismanagement of plastic wastes. Microplastics are generally defined as synthetic polymer particles <5 mm in size. Microplastics generated from the degradation of plastic litter are currently a serious global concern since they spread easily all over the ocean, transfer to different tissues inside contaminated animals, and even across different trophic levels inside the food web. An additional concern is the ability of microplastics to adsorb organic and inorganic pollutants and subsequently release them into the ocean. Thus, alternatives to reduce microplastics in the ocean are discussed. Conclusions: This paper summarizes the concept of microplastics and their behavior in the ocean and suggests management methods for microplastics in support of a cleaner ocean.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the concept of microplastics and their occurrence, transport, biological effects, and management methods in the ocean. Methods: I reviewed articles on microplastics in the ocean by using the Google Scholar database. Results: Plastic litter has been reported as a ubiquitous pollutant in the ocean due to the extensive consumption of plastics and the mismanagement of plastic wastes. Microplastics are generally defined as synthetic polymer particles <5 mm in size. Microplastics generated from the degradation of plastic litter are currently a serious global concern since they spread easily all over the ocean, transfer to different tissues inside contaminated animals, and even across different trophic levels inside the food web. An additional concern is the ability of microplastics to adsorb organic and inorganic pollutants and subsequently release them into the ocean. Thus, alternatives to reduce microplastics in the ocean are discussed. Conclusions: This paper summarizes the concept of microplastics and their behavior in the ocean and suggests management methods for microplastics in support of a cleaner ocean.

참고문헌 (146)

  1. "Plastic Korea: temptation of disposables" (2019)[URL]
  2. Vert M, "Terminology for biorelated polymers and applications(IUPAC Recommendations 2012)", Pure Appl Chem, 84, pp.3a77~410 (2012)
  3. Alimba CG, "Microplastics in the marine environment : Current trends in environmental pollution and mechanisms of toxicological profile", Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, 68, pp.61~74 (2019)
  4. "Plastics - the Facts 2019: an analysis of European plastics production, demand and waste data" (2019)[URL]
  5. Geyer R, "There are 8.3 billion tons of plastic in the world", Sci Adv, 3(7), pp.1700782~ (2017)
  6. Rochman CM, "Classify plastic waste as hazardous", Nature, 494(7436), pp.169~171 (2013)
  7. "Plastics Europe’s Views on a Strategy on Plastics: Plastics-Increasing Circularity and Resource Efficiency (Updated September 2017)" (2017)[URL]
  8. Andrady AL, "Microplastics in the marine environment", Mar Pollut Bull, 62(8), pp.1596~1605 (2011)
  9. Dixon S, "The “Plastic Cycle”: how ecohydromorphological processes drive the spread of microplastic pollution through rivers to the ocean", EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts, 20, pp.16121~ (2018)
  10. Eriksen M, "Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the laurentian Great lakes", Mar Pollut Bull, 77, pp.177~182 (2013)
  11. Law KL, "Microplastics in the seas", Science, 345, pp.144~145 (2014)
  12. Rocha-Santos TAP, "Editorial overview : micro and nano-plastics", Curr Opin Environ Sci Health, 1, pp.52~54 (2018)
  13. Lebreton L, "Future scenarios of global plastic waste generation and disposal", Palgrave Commun, 5, pp.6~ (2019)
  14. Sources, fate and effects of microplastics in the marine environment: a global assessment, "GESAMP", IMO, UNESCOIOC, pp.UNIDO, WMO[DOI]
  15. Sources, fate and effects of microplastics in the marine environment: a global assessment, "GESAMP", IMO, UNESCO-IOC, pp.UNIDO, WMO[DOI]
  16. Carpenter E, "Plastics on the Sargasso Sea surface", Science, 175, pp.1240~1241 (1972)
  17. Carpenter EJ, "Polystyrene spherules in coastal waters", Science, 178, pp.749~750 (1972)
  18. Colton JB, "Plastic particles in surface waters of the Northwestern Atlantic", Science, 185, pp.491~497 (1974)
  19. Wong CS, "Quantitative tar and plastic waste distributions in the Pacific Ocean", Nature, 247(5435), pp.30~32 (1974)
  20. Thompson RC, "Lost at sea: where is all the plastic?", Science, 304(5672), pp.838~ (2004)
  21. Galafassi S, "Plastic sources : A survey across scientific and grey literature for their inventory and relative contribution to microplastics pollution in natural environments, with an emphasis on surface water", Sci Total Environ, 693, pp.133499~ (2019)
  22. "UNEP Year Book 2014: Emerging Issues in Our Global Environment" (2014)[URL]
  23. Laskar N, "Plastics and microplastics: A threat to environment", Environ. Technol. Innov, 14, pp.100352~ (2019)
  24. Proceedings of the International Research Workshop on the Occurrence, Effects and Fate of Microplastic Marine Debris, "Arthur C", NOAA, ~, pp.NOAA Technical Memorandum NOSOR&R-30 (2009)
  25. Galgani F, "Marine Anthropogenic Litter", pp.29~56 (2015), Springer International Publishing
  26. Ferreira I, "Nanoplastics and marine organisms : What has been studied", Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, 67, pp.1~7 (2019)
  27. Gigault J, "Current opinion: what is a nanoplastic?", Environ Pollut, 235, pp.1030~1034 (2018)
  28. Jambeck JR, "Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean", Science, 347, pp.768~771 (2015)
  29. Koelmans AA, "Marine Anthropogenic Litter", pp.325~340 (2015), Springer International Publishing
  30. Mendoza LMR, "Microplastics in freshwater environments : a review of quantification assessment", TrAC-Trends Analyt Chem, 113, pp.402~408 (2019)
  31. "Commission Recommendation of 18 October 2011 on the Definition of Nanomaterial (2011/696/EU), Off J Eur Union L275" (2011)[URL]
  32. "Laboratory methods for the analysis of microplastics in the marine environment: recommendations for quantifying synthetic particles in waters and sediments" (2015)[URL]
  33. Naik RK, "Microplastics in ballast water as an emerging source and vector for harmful chemicals, antibiotics, metals, bacterial pathogens and HAB species : A potential risk to the marine environment and human health", Mar Pollut Bull, 149, pp.110525~ (2019)
  34. Zhang Y, "Atmospheric microplastics : A review on current status and perspectives", Earth Sci Rev, 203, pp.103118~ (2020)
  35. Browne MA, "Accumulation of microplastic on shorelines woldwide : sources and sinks", Environ Sci Technol, 45(21), pp.9175~9179 (2011)
  36. Cole M, "Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment : a review", Mar Pollut Bull, 62, pp.2588~2597 (2011)
  37. Fackelmann G, "Microplastics and the gut microbiome : how chronically exposed species may suffer from gut dysbiosis", Mar Pollut Bull, 143, pp.193~203 (2019)
  38. Wang J, "The behaviors of microplastics in the marine environment", Mar Environ Res, 113, pp.7~17 (2016)
  39. Browne MA, "Microplastic-an emerging contaminant of potential concern?", Integr Environ Assess Manag, 3, pp.559~561 (2007)
  40. Guo X, "The chemical behaviors of microplastics in marine environments : a review", Mar Poll Bull, 142, pp.1~14 (2019)
  41. Faris J, "Seas of debris : a summary of the third international conference on marine debris" (1994), Alaska Fisheries Science Center
  42. Mani T, "Microplastics profile along the Rhine River", Sci Rep, 5, pp.17988~ (2015)
  43. Wagner M, "Microplastics in freshwater ecosystems : what we know and what we need to know", Environ Sci Eur, 26(1), pp.1~9 (2014)
  44. Thompson RC, "Marine Anthropogenic Litter", pp.185~200 (2015), Springer International Publishing
  45. Ng EL, "An overview of microplastic and nanoplastic pollution in agroecosystems", Sci Total Environ, 627, pp.1377~1388 (2018)
  46. Zhang H, "Transport of microplastics in coastal seas", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 199, pp.74~86 (2017)
  47. Bell JD, "Global fishing capacity and fishing effort from 1950 to 2012", Fish, 18, pp.489~505 (2017)
  48. Primary Microplastics in the Oceans: a Global Evaluation of Sources, "Boucher J", IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature), 20~21 (2017)
  49. Moore CJ, "Working our way upstream: a snapshot of landbased contributions of plastic and other trash to coastalwaters and beaches of Southern California", Proc. the Plastic Debris Rivers to Sea Conference (2005)
  50. Lechner A, "The Danube so colourful : a potpourri of plastic litter outnumbers fish larvae in Europe’s second largest river", Environ Pollut, 188, pp.177~181 (2014)
  51. Wright SL, "Plastic and human health: a micro issue?", Environ Sci Technol, 51, pp.6634~6647 (2017)
  52. Alimi OS, "Microplastics and nanoplastics in aquatic environments : aggregation, deposition, and enhanced contaminant transport", Environ Sci Technol, 52, pp.1704~1724 (2018)
  53. "Study to support the development of measures to combat a range of marine litter sources. Report for European Commission DG Environment" (2016)[URL]
  54. Rochman CM, "Scientific evidence supports a ban on microbeads", Environ Sci Technol, 49, pp.10759~10761 (2015)
  55. Lusher AL, "Microplastic pollution in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean : validated and opportunistic sampling", Mar Pollut Bull, 88, pp.325~333 (2014)
  56. Moore CJ, "A comparison of plastic and plankton in the north Pacific central gyre", Mar Pollut Bull, 42, pp.1297~1300 (2001)
  57. Suaria G, "Floating microplastics in the South adriatic sea", MICRO 2016. Fate and Impact of Microplastics in Marine Ecosystems, pp.51~ (2016), Elsevier
  58. Pan Z, "Microplastics in the Northwestern Pacific : abundance, distribution, and characteristics", Sci Total Environ, 650, pp.1913~1922 (2019)
  59. Abayomi OA, "Microplastics in coastal environments of the Arabian Gulf", Mar Pollut Bull, 124(1), pp.181~188 (2017)
  60. Isobe A, "East Asian Seas : a hot spot for pelagic microplastics", Mar Pollut Bull, 101, pp.618~623 (2015)
  61. Frias JPGL, "Evidence of microplastics in samples of zooplankton from Portuguese coastal waters", Mar Environ Res, 95, pp.89~95 (2014)
  62. Zhang W, "Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Bohai Sea, China", Environ. Pollut, 231, pp.541~548 (2017)
  63. Vianello A, "Microplastic particles in sediments of Lagoon of Venice, Italy : first observations on occurrence, spatial patterns and identification", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 130, pp.54~61 (2013)
  64. Frias JPGL, "Microplastics in coastal sediments from Southern Portuguese shelf waters", Mar Environ Res, 114, pp.24~30 (2016)
  65. Liu P, "Effect of weathering on environmental behavior of microplastics : Properties, sorption and potential risks", Chemosphere, 242, pp.125193~ (2020)
  66. Morét-Ferguson S, "The size, mass, and composition of plastic debris in the western North Atlantic Ocean", Mar Pollut Bull, 60, pp.1873~1878 (2010)
  67. Claessens M, "New techniques for the detection of microplastics in sediments and field collected organisms", Mar Pollut Bull, 70(1-2), pp.227~233 (2013)
  68. Reisser JW, "The vertical distribution of buoyant plastics at sea : an observationalstudy in the North Atlantic Gyre", Biogeosciences, 12, pp.1249~1256 (2015)
  69. Lusher AL, "Microplastics in Arctic polar waters : the first reported values of particles in surface and sub-surface samples", Sci Rep, 5, pp.14947~ (2015)
  70. Lusher AL, "Microplastic and macroplastic ingestion by a deep diving, oceanic cetacean : the True's beaked whale Mesoplodon mirus", Environ Pollut, 199, pp.185~191 (2015)
  71. Martin J, "The deposition and accumulation of microplastics in marine sediments and bottom water from the Irish continental shelf", Sci Rep, 7, pp.1~9 (2017)
  72. Kane IA, "Dispersion, accumulation, and the ultimate fate of microplastics in deepmarine environments : a review and future directions", Front Earth Sc-Switz, 7, pp.1~27 (2019)
  73. Barnes DKA, "Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments", Philos Trns R Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci, 364, pp.1985~1998 (2009)
  74. Peng L, "Micro-and nano-plastics in marine environment : Source, distribution and threats-A review", Sci Total Environ, 698, pp.134254~ (2020)
  75. Vermeiren P, "Sources and sinks of plastic debris in estuaries : a conceptual model integrating biological, physical and chemical distribution mechanisms", Mar Pollut Bull, 113, pp.7~16 (2016)
  76. Fischer EK, "Microplastic pollution in lakes and lake shoreline sediments-a case study on Lake Bolsena and Lake Chiusi(central Italy)", Environ Pollut, 213, pp.648~657 (2016)
  77. Free CM, "High-levels of microplastic pollution in a large, remote, mountain lake", Mar Pollut Bull, 85, pp.156~163 (2014)
  78. Besseling E, "Fate of nano-and microplastic in freshwater systems : a modeling study", Environ Pollut, 220, pp.540~548 (2017)
  79. Bakir A, "Transport of persistent organic pollutants by microplastics in estuarine conditions", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 140, pp.14~21 (2014)
  80. Goldstein MC, "Increased oceanic microplastic debris enhances oviposition in an endemic pelagic insect", Biol Lett, 8, pp.817~820 (2012)
  81. Lebreton L, "Evidence that the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is rapidly accumulating plastic", Sci Rep, 8(1), pp.1~15 (2018)
  82. Eo S, "Abundance, composition, and distribution of microplastics larger than 20 μm in sand beaches of South Korea", Environ Pollut, 238, pp.894~902 (2018)
  83. Kunz A, "Distribution and quantity of microplastic on sandy beaches along the northern coast of Taiwan", Mar Pollut Bull, 111, pp.126~135 (2016)
  84. Lo HS, "Comparisons of microplastic pollution between mudflats and sandy beaches in Hong Kong", Environ Pollut, 236, pp.208~217 (2018)
  85. Fauziah SH, "Plastic debris in the coastal environment: The invincible threat? Abundance of buried plastic debris on Malaysian beaches", Waste Manage Res, 33(9), pp.812~821 (2015)
  86. Desforges JPW, "Ingestion of microplastics by zooplankton in the Northeast Pacific Ocean", Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, 69(3), pp.320~330 (2015)
  87. Critchell K, "Modelling accumulation of marine plastics in the coastal zone; what are the dominant physical processes?", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 171, pp.111~122 (2016)
  88. Lagarde F, "Microplastic interactions with freshwater microalgae : heteroaggregation and changes in plastic density appear strongly dependent on polymer type", Environ Pollut, 215, pp.331~339 (2016)
  89. Chubarenko I, "On some physical and dynamical properties of microplastic particles in marine environment", Mar Pollut Bull, 108, pp.105~112 (2016)
  90. Kowalski N, "Sinking rates of microplastics and potential implications of their alteration by physical, biological, and chemical factors", Mar Pollut Bull, 109(1), pp.310~319 (2016)
  91. Woodall LC, "The deep sea is a major sink for microplastic debris", R Soc Open Sci, 1(4), pp.140317~ (2014)
  92. Nel HA, "A quantitative analysis of microplastic pollution along the South-Eastern coastline of South Africa", Mar Pollut Bull, 101, pp.274~275 (2015)
  93. Kanhai LDK, "Deep sea sediments of the Arctic Central Basin: a potential sink for microplastics", Deep Sea Res Part I Oceanogr. Res. Pap, 145, pp.137~142 (2019)
  94. Wang J, "High levels of microplastic pollution in the sediments and benthic organisms of the South Yellow Sea, China", Sci Total Environ, 651, pp.1661~1669 (2019)
  95. Brennecke D, "Microplastics as vector for heavy metal contamination from the marine environment", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 178, pp.189~195 (2016)
  96. Rochman CM, "Ingested plastic transfers hazardous chemicals to fish and induces hepatic stress", Sci Rep, 3, pp.3263~ (2013)
  97. Laist DW, "Overview of the biological effects of lost and discarded plastic debris in the marine environment", Mar Pollut Bull, 18(6), pp.319~326 (1987)
  98. Ryan PG, "Plastic ingestion and PCBs in seabirds: is there a relationship?", Mar Pollut Bull, 19(4), pp.174~176 (1988)
  99. Derraik JG, "The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris : a review", Mar Pollut Bull, 44, pp.842~852 (2002)
  100. "UNEP Frontiers 2016 Report: Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern" (2016)[URL]
  101. Li WC, "Plastic waste in the marine environment : a review of sources, occurrence and effects", Sci Total Environ, 566, pp.333~349 (2016)
  102. Ory NC, "Amberstripe scad Decapterus muroadsi(Carangidae)fish ingest blue microplastics resembling their copepod prey along the coast of Rapa Nui(Easter Island)in the South Pacific subtropical gyre", Sci Total Environ, 586, pp.430~437 (2017)
  103. Wright SL, "The physical impacts of microplastics on marine organisms : a review", Environ Pollut, 178, pp.483~492 (2013)
  104. Nelms SE, "Investigating microplastic trophic transfer in marine top predators", Environ Pollut, 238, pp.999~1007 (2018)
  105. Caron AG, "Ingestion of microplastic debris by green sea turtles(Chelonia mydas)in the Great Barrier Reef : validation of a sequential extraction protocol", Mar Pollut Bull, 127, pp.743~751 (2018)
  106. Hans B, "Potential health impact of environmentally released microand Nanoplastics in the human food production chain : experiences from Nanotoxicology", Environ Sci Technol, 49, pp.8932~8947 (2015)
  107. Ribeiro F, "Microplastics effects in Scrobicularia plana", Mar Pollut Bull, 122(1-2), pp.379~391 (2017)
  108. Browne MA, "Ingested microscopic plastic translocates to the circulatory system of the mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.)", Environ Sci Technol, 42, pp.5026~5031 (2008)
  109. Kolandhasamy P, "Adherence of microplastics to soft tissue of mussels : a novel way to uptake microplastics beyond ingestion", Sci Total Environ, 610, pp.635~640 (2018)
  110. Lu Y, "Uptake and accumulation of polystyrene microplastics in zebrafish(Danio rerio)and toxic effects in liver", Environ Sci Technol, 50(7), pp.4054~4060 (2016)
  111. Cole M, "Ingestion of nanoplastics and microplastics by Pacific oyster larvae", Environ Sci Technol, 49(24), pp.14625~14632 (2015)
  112. Gray AD, "Size-and shape-dependent effects of microplastic particles on adult daggerblade grass shrimp(Palaemonetes pugio)", Environ Toxicol Chem, 36(11), pp.3074~3080 (2017)
  113. Xu S, "Microplastics in aquatic environments : Occurrence, accumulation, and biological effects", Sci Total Environ, 703, pp.134699~ (2020)
  114. Van Franeker JA, "Plastic ingestion by petrels breeding in Antarctica", Mar Pollut Bull, 19(12), pp.672~674 (1988)
  115. Von Moos N, "Uptake and effects of microplastics on cells and tissue of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. after an experimental exposure", Environ Sci Technol, 46(20), pp.11327~11335 (2012)
  116. Galloway TS, "Interactions of microplastic debris throughout the marine ecosystem", Nat Ecol Evol, 1, pp.116~ (2017)
  117. Teuten EL, "Potential for plastics to transport hydrophobic contaminants", Environ Sci Technol, 41, pp.7759~7764 (2007)
  118. Eerkes-Medrano D, "Microplastics in freshwater systems: a review of the emerging threats, identification of knowledge gaps and prioritisation of research needs", Water Res, 75, pp.63~82 (2015)
  119. Teuten EL, "Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife", Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 364, pp.2027~2045 (2009)
  120. Bakir A, "Enhanced desorption of persistent organic pollutants from microplastics under simulated physiological conditions", Environ Pollut, 185, pp.16~23 (2014)
  121. Chen Q, "Enhanced uptake of BPA in the presence of nanoplastics can lead to neurotoxic effects in adult zebrafish", Sci Total Environ, 609, pp.1312~1321 (2017)
  122. M’Rabet C, "Impact of two plasticderived chemicals, the Bisphenol A and the di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, exposure on the marine toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum", Mar Pollut Bull, 126, pp.241~249 (2018)
  123. Halden RU, "Plastics and health risks", Annu Rev Publ Health, 31, pp.179~194 (2010)
  124. "Plastics in seafood we eat" (2016)[URL]
  125. Hirai H, "Organic micropollutants in marine plastics debris from the open ocean and remote and urban beaches", Mar Pollut Bull, 62, pp.1683~1692 (2011)
  126. Rios LM, "Persistent organic pollutants carried by synthetic polymers in the ocean environment", Mar Pollut Bull, 54, pp.1230~1237 (2007)
  127. Deng Y, "Tissue accumulation of microplastics in mice and biomarker responses suggest widespread health risks of exposure", Sci Rep, 7, pp.46687~ (2017)
  128. Filella M, "Observational study unveils the extensive presence of hazardous elements in beached plastics from Lake Geneva", Front Environ Sci, 6, pp.1~ (2018)
  129. Holmes LA, "Adsorption of trace metals to plastic resin pellets in the marine environment", Environ Pollut, 160, pp.42~48 (2012)
  130. Johansen MP, "Initial data on adsorption of Cs and Sr to the surfaces of microplastics with biofilm", J Environ Radioact, 190, pp.130~133 (2018)
  131. Johansen MP, "Biofilm-enhanced adsorption of strong and weak cations onto different microplastic sample types : use of spectroscopy, microscopy and radiotracer methods", Water Res, 158, pp.392~400 (2019)
  132. Wang Q, "The adsorption behavior of metals in aqueous solution by microplastics effected by UV radiation", J Environ Sci, 87, pp.272~280 (2020)
  133. Qiao R, "Combined effects of polystyrenemicroplastics and natural organic matter on the accumulation and toxicity of copper in zebrafish", Sci Total Environ, 682, pp.128~137 (2019)
  134. Setälä O, "Feeding type affects microplastic ingestion in a coastal invertebrate community", Mar Pollut Bull, 102, pp.95~101 (2016)
  135. Scherer C, "Feeding type and development drive the ingestion of microplastics by freshwater invertebrates", Sci Rep, 7, pp.17006~ (2017)
  136. Farrell P, "Trophic level transfer of microplastic: Mytilus edulis (L.) to Carcinus maenas (L.)", Environ Pollut, 177, pp.1~3 (2013)
  137. Watts AJR, "Uptake and retention of microplastics by the shore crab Carcinus maenas", Environ. Sci. Technol, 48, pp.8823~8830 (2014)
  138. Romeo T, "First evidence of presence of plastic debris in stomach of large pelagic fish in the Mediterranean Sea", Mar Pollut Bull, 95, pp.358~361 (2015)
  139. Carbery M, "Trophic transfer of microplastics and mixed contaminants in the marine food web and implications for human health", Environ Int, 115, pp.400~409 (2018)
  140. Smith M, "Microplastics in seafood and the implications for human health", Curr Environ Health Rep, 5, pp.375~386 (2018)
  141. Takada H, "Microplastic fragments and microbeads in digestive tracts of planktivorous fish from urban coastal waters", Sci Rep, 6, pp.34351~ (2016)
  142. Jefferson M, "Whither plastics?-Petrochemicals, plastics and sustainability in a garbage-riddled world", Energy Res Soc Sci, 56, pp.101229~ (2019)
  143. Liebmann B, "Assessment of microplastic concentrations in human stool final results of a prospective study", Proc. the Conference on Nano and Microplastics in Technical and Freshwater Systems (2018)
  144. Van Cauwenberghe L, "Microplastics in bivalves cultured for human consumption", Environ Pollut, 193, pp.65~70 (2014)
  145. Schirinzi GF, "Cytotoxic effects of commonly used nanomaterials and microplastics on cerebral and epithelial human cells", Environ Res, 159, pp.579~587 (2017)
  146. Vethaak AD, "Plastic debris is a human health issue", Environ Sci Technol, 50, pp.6825~6826 (2016)

관련 논문AI추천

미세플라스틱의 해양 생태계에 대한 영향과 향후 연구 방향김강희, 박준우, 최진수, 허윤위, 황정혜한국환경생물학회 · 환경생물2019 · 제37권 제4호A comprehensive review of microplastics: Sources, pathways, and implications김영철, 김이형, 전민수, F.K.F. Geronimo, K.A.V. Yano, N.J.D.G. Reyes한국습지학회 · 한국습지학회지2020 · 제22권 제2호Health Effects of Microplastic Exposures: Current Issues and Perspectives in South Korea김창수, 손정우, 이용진, 조재림연세대학교의과대학 · Yonsei Medical Journal2023 · 제64권 제5호담수 물환경 중 미세플라스틱 분석방법 및 검출에 대한 고찰김윤석, 유지수, 유혜원, 이선홍, 최재원한국환경분석학회 · 환경분석과 독성보건2020 · 제23권 제4호잔류성･생물축적성 물질 피해저감을 위한 미세플라스틱(Microplastic) 관리방안간순영, 박정규한국환경연구원 · 환경정책연구2014 · 제13권 제2호해양생물 체내 잔류 미세플라스틱 조사김돈, 김영일, 김학준, 심현관, Shweta Borkar, Sondavid Nandanwar한국수산과학회 · 한국수산과학회지2020 · 제53권 제2호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (13건)

가습기 살균제 제품의 건강위험 고찰 - 제품 수와 살균제 성분을 중심으로 -조경이, 박지훈, 김지원, 김소연, 이승희, 임흥규, 박동욱pp. 481-494NaDCC (sodium dichloroisocyanurate) 성분 가습기살균제 유사제품의 특성과 의료기관에서의 사용 사례최윤형, 조은경, 주민재, 양원호, 한경희pp. 495-503시간활동양상에 따른 주택의 시간대별 실내·실외 초미세먼지 농도비박진현, 김은채, 최영태, 조만수, 우병렬, 류현수, 김순신, 양원호pp. 504-512모 지역 소규모급수시설 비소검출에 따른 생물학적 노출 평가서정욱, 최재원, 오유진, 홍영습pp. 513-5242020년 충남지역 집단급식소에서 발생한 대형 식중독의 사례 보고남해성, 박귀성, 최진하, 임지애, 김준영, 박성민, 천영희, 이다연, 이현아, 최지혜pp. 525-531
원문 보기