Lexical Fillers Permit Real-Time Gap-Search inside Island Domains
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
It has often been reported that lexical fillers (e.g. which house) improvethe overall acceptability of many island constraint violations relative to barefillers (e.g. what). The current study attempts to test for the first time whetherlexical fillers reduce real-time sensitivity to wh-islands as well. Results from aneyetracking-while-reading study are reported that demonstrate native Englishspeakers’ sensitivity to a plausibility manipulation between a fronted fillerphrase and a downstream subcategorizing verb inside a wh-island domain. Theeffect is found as the verb was encountered in real-time, and only when thefiller element contains lexical information, not when it is bare. This is takento show that online sensitivity to the wh-island constraint is reduced whenthe filler preceding it is lexical. The strengths and weaknesses and overallcompatibility of a range of grammatical and processing theories are consideredin relation to this finding.
Abstract
It has often been reported that lexical fillers (e.g. which house) improvethe overall acceptability of many island constraint violations relative to barefillers (e.g. what). The current study attempts to test for the first time whetherlexical fillers reduce real-time sensitivity to wh-islands as well. Results from aneyetracking-while-reading study are reported that demonstrate native Englishspeakers’ sensitivity to a plausibility manipulation between a fronted fillerphrase and a downstream subcategorizing verb inside a wh-island domain. Theeffect is found as the verb was encountered in real-time, and only when thefiller element contains lexical information, not when it is bare. This is takento show that online sensitivity to the wh-island constraint is reduced whenthe filler preceding it is lexical. The strengths and weaknesses and overallcompatibility of a range of grammatical and processing theories are consideredin relation to this finding.
참고문헌 (41)
- Boxell, O, "Proceedings of ConSOLE 19", pp.151~175 (2012), Proceedings of ConSOLE
- Boxell, O. Submitted, "The Stabilizer Hypothesis", University of Potsdam
- Chen, E, "Syntactic storage costs in sentence comprehension", Poster presented at the 15th annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing (2002), Central University of New York
- Chomsky, N, "Preprints of the papers for the ninth International Congress of Linguists", Preprints of the papers for the ninth International Congress of Linguists, pp.509~574 (1962)
- Chomsky, N, "The minimalist program" (1995), MIT Press
- Crain, S, "Natural language parsing: Psycholinguistic, computational, and theoretical perspectives", pp.94~128 (1985), Cambridge University Press
- De Vincenzi, M, "Syntactic analysis in sentence comprehension: effects of dependency types and grammatical constraints", Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 25, pp.117~133 (1996)
- Diaconescu, R, "The pronoun attraction effect for D(iscourse)- linked phrases: Evidence from speakers of a null language", Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 33, pp.303~320 (2004)
- Donkers, J, "D-linking or set restriction? Processing which-questions in Dutch", Language and Cognitive Processes (2011)
- Felser, C, "The timing of island constraints in non-native sentence processing", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 34, pp.67~98 (2012)
- Frazier, L, "Successive-cyclicity in the grammar and the parser", Language and Cognitive Processes, 4, pp.93~126 (1989)
- Frazier, L, "Processing D-linked Phrases", Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 31, pp.633~659 (2002)
- Gibson, E, "Reading time evidence for intermediate linguistic structure in long-distance dependencies", Syntax, 7, pp.55~78 (2004)
- Goodluck, H, "Comprehension of D (iscourse) Linked Questions by Aphasics", Proceedings of the 2008 Annual Conference of the Canadian Linguistic Association (2008)
- Hofmeister, P, "Representational complexity and memory retrieval in language comprehension", 박사, pp.2007
- Hofmeister, P, "Cognitive constraints and island effects", Language, 86, pp.366~415 (2010)
- Kaan, E, "The P600 as an index of syntactic integration difficulty", Language and Cognitive Processes, 15, pp.159~201 (2000)
- Karttunen, L, "Syntax and semantics of questions", Linguistics and Philosophy, 1, pp.3~44 (1977)
- Maling, J, "The nature of syntactic representation", pp.229~282 (1982), Reidel, Dordrecht
- Nicenboim, B, "Processing complex NP islands in Hebrew", Paper presented at the 35th GLOW Conference (2012), University of Potsdam
- Nicol, J, "Cognitive models of speech processing: The second Sperlonga meeting" (1993), Hillsdale, NJ
- Nicol, J, "Using cross-modal lexical decision tasks to investigate sentence processing", Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 20, pp.1229~1238 (1994)
- Nicol, J, "The role of structure in coreference assignment during sentence comprehension", Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 18, pp.5~19 (1989)
- Omaki, Akira, "Hyperactive gap filling: Pre-verbal object gap creation in English filler-gap dependency processing", University of Maryland
- Pesetsky, D, "The representation of (in)definiteness", pp.98~129 (1987), MIT Press
- Pesetsky, D, "Phrasal movement and its kin" (2000), MIT Press
- Radó, J, "Discourse-linking and topicality: Parsing wh-questions in English and Hungarian", Poster presented at the 11th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing (1998)
- Rizzi, L, "Relativized Minimality" (1990), MIT Press
- Rizzi, L, "Handbook of Contemporary Syntactic Theory", pp.89~110 (2001), Blackwell, Blackwell
- Roberts, L, "Antecedent priming at trace positions in children’s processing", Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 36, pp.175~188 (2007)
- Ross, J. R, "Constraints on variables in syntax", 박사, pp.1967
- Stowe, L. A, "Parsing wh-constructions: Evidence for on-line gap creation", Language and Cognitive Processes, 3, pp.227~245 (1986)
- Shapiro, L, "Language and the brain: Representation and processing", pp.357~376 (2000), Academic Press
- Shapiro, L, "On-line comprehension of wh-questions in discourse", Poster presented at the 12th CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing (1999)
- Shields, R, "What’s so special about D-linking? NELS 39", Proceedings of the 39th annual meeting of the North East Linguistic Society (2008)
- Swinney, D, "Language structure and processing" (1988), Center for the Study of Language and Information
- Traxler, M, "Plausibility and the processing of unbounded Dependencies: An eye-tracking study", Journal of Memory and Language, 35, pp.542~562 (1996)
- Townsend, D, "Sentence comprehension: The integration of habits and rules" (2001), MIT Press
- Van Craenenbroeck, J, "Ellipsis in Dutch Dialects", 박사, pp.2004
- Van Craenenbroeck, J, "The Complementizer Phase: Subjects and Operators", pp.236~260 (2010), Oxford University Press
- Villata, S, "New insights into intervention effects: an empirical investigation on Relativized Minimality", Paper presented at the 40th Italian Generative Grammar Meeting (2014)
