유럽연합의 동북아전략과 한반도정책
European Union's Strategy and Foreign Security Policy in Northeast Asia and the Korean Peninsula
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이 글의 목적은 외교안보정책 차원에서 유럽연합의 동북아전략과 한반도정책의 주요 문제를 살펴보는 동시에 이 지역에 대한 유럽연합 외교안보정책의 한계와 가능성을 분석하는 것이다. 1994년 유럽연합 집행위윈회가 아시아 전략보고서를 발표한 이래로 동아시아 지역에 대한 유럽연합의 이해관계는 지속적으로 높아져가는 양상을 보여주고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이 지역에 대한 유럽연합의 이해관계는 주로 경제적 접근방법에 기초해있기 때문에 외교안보적 측면에서 전략적 관점을 결여하고 있다. 특히, 북핵문제로 상징되는 한반도정책에 대한 유럽연합의 외교안보정책은 동북아 지역의 역내 안보환경에 따라 그 정책 방향과 성격이 결정되는 경향마저 보여주고 있다. 이러한 측면은 무엇보다도 유럽연합 자체의 제도적 한계, 외교안보정책에 대한 전략적 시각의 결여, 유럽연합의 내부지향적 사고, 이란 핵문제에 대한 일차적 관심과 북한 경제개혁에 대한 전망과 일말의 기대감 등이 복합적으로 작용한 결과이기도 하다. 그럼에도 불구하고 한반도의 평화와 안정에 대한 유럽연합의 역할과 기여 가능성은 여전히 존재한다. 따라서 한반도 및 동북아 안보상황의 변화에 따라 우리는 이 지역에 대한 유럽연합의 정책과 역할을 전략적으로 활용할 수 있는 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다.
Abstract
Since the European Commission issued the report of Towards a New Asia Strategy in 1994, the European Union(EU)'s foreign security policy in East Asia has stepped up a gear and has step by step enlarged its role in the region. Nonetheless, EU's political and foreign security role in the region has very limited because its approach towards East Asia is basically rooted on economic interests and EU has not its strategic perspectives. Moreover, EU's relations with North Korea and its policy towards nuclear problems of North Korea have changed according to security circumstances in Northeast Asia. In this context, this article examines EU's foreign security policy in East Asia and its structural problems. Firstly, this article introduces EU's institutional actors and instruments in the field of its foreign security policy. Secondly, this paper describes and analyses EU's approach towards East Asia and its relations with the U.S. and China. Finally, this paper tries to examine EU's critical engagement towards North Korea and probes a couple of structural problems of EU's foreign security policy.
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