코로나19 위기 대응과 정부-시민 관계: 정치신뢰를 중심으로
South Korea’s Response to COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis and its Implications for the Relationship Between Citizens and Government: Focusing on Political Trust
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본 논문은 코로나19 위기 대응이 일반 시민의 정부 및 정치체제에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향을 다루고 있다. 이 글은 정치신뢰를 인식의주체인 시민과 신뢰의 대상인 정부간 상호작용의 산물로 보며 이에 따라 정부의 방역대응에 대한 평가와 같은 정부 관련 특성, 본래 개인이 보유하고 있는 정치적 가치 및 신념요인과 같은 시민 관련 특성, 이 두 요소간 상호작용을 중심으로 코로나19 위기 속 정치신뢰의형성요인에 대한 분석을 수행하였다. 먼저 정부 방역대응에 대한 긍정적 평가는 시민의 정부신뢰 및 민주주의의 제도적 역량에 대한 인식을 강화함을 알 수 있다. 그러나 개인의 민주적 원칙에 대한 신념 또한 자체로 정부신뢰및 민주주의 역량 평가에 부정적인 영향을 미치며, 가치 및 신념의 강도에 따라 정부 방역대응평가와 정치신뢰의 관계가 영향을 받는상호작용 효과를 확인하였다. 이는 코로나19 와 같은 국가적 위기상황이라 할지라도 정부와 체제에 대한 시민의 태도는 단순히 정부의정책대응에 대한 평가에 의해서 결정되기 보다는 이러한 주관적 평가의 잣대를 제공한다고 볼 수 있는 개인의 가치 및 신념과 결합하여 형성된다는 정치신뢰의 관계적 접근을 지지하고 있다
Abstract
This article examines the political impact of government response to COVID-19 in South Korea. We attempt to identify the key determinants in shaping political trust in the time of COVID-19 by centering on the interaction between government as the object and citizen as the subject in the formation of political trust. The main findings can be summarized as follows. Firstly, the positive assessments of government handling of COVID-19 are likely to enhance public confidence in government and perceived quality of democratic system. Secondly, individual-level beliefs on democratic principles have a pronounced negative effect on political trust. as well. Lastly, our analysis confirms the interaction effect between performance and values. Taken together, this study indicates that even in the time of national public health crisis, political trust is significantly influenced by a combination of perceived government responses and individual values.
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