생물다양성협약상 해양생물자원 관련 주요의제 분석을 통한 국내정책의 개선방향에 관한 연구

Abstract

At the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, world leaders agreed on a comprehensive strategy for “sustainable development.” The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) establishes three main goals: the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits from the use of genetic resources. CBD is very comprehensive international environmental regulation. It also includes sustainable development of biological resources, access to genetic resources and Benefit-sharing, Management Tool and Strategy of Protected Areas, Building of Biological Information, recognition of Traditional Knowledge, technical cooperation and so forth. Marine biological resources is the core resource of a national point of view and also actual or potential property of humanity. Along with the growing global concern on the importance of marine resources, it is also increasing nationwide. This calls for robust revision for more logical framework and coherence of marine biological resources regulations as well as effective implementation of policies. In recent years, the enactment efforts for conservation, sustainable use and management of biological resources have been made at the international and national level. At the Conference of the Parties (COP), the Parties adopted decision about Island Biodiversity, Global Taxonomy Initiative: in-depth review of the implementation of the programme of work for the Global Taxonomy Initiative, Access and benefit-sharing, Global Initiative on Communication, Education and Public Awareness, Implementation of the Convention and its Strategic Plan, Technology transfer and cooperation, Protected areas, Alien species that threaten ecosystems, habitats or species Specially, the COP have been lively discussing on the Marine and coastal biological diversity, enhancing the implementation of integrated marine and coastal area management. Framework for monitoring implementation of the achievement of the 2010 target and integration of targets into the thematic programmes of work. Institutional framework for the conservation of marine & coastal resources, management of alien species and designation of marine protected areas, which are also major agendas of CBD was already prepared in some degree at the national level. However, the country’s position over access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing has not been clarified yet. Henceforth, the country’s position and feasible measures for these must be developed, considering the national interest and international trends in the conservation of marine biological resources in the near future. In this regard, it is necessary to actively participate in the international meetings and collect relevant information and data on international conventions and organizations such as CBD, WTO, WIPO, FAO, etc continuously. On the other hand, greater emphasis should be given to the technology development and financial investment for conserving marine biological diversity and securing sovereignty over marine living resources. And institutional arrangements aiming for systematically managing and promoting sustainable use of marine biological resources must be urgently established. In addition, systematical research and survey, laws and policies should be taken accordingly for effective marine biological resources conservation and management.