Do Rotational Shifts Affect Micturition Patterns in Real Practice? A Pilot Study in Healthy, Young Female Nurses
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Purpose: Healthy, young individuals are known to exhibit circadian variation in urinary functions. However, the effects ofchronic circadian disturbance on voiding functions are largely unknown. The present work compared the effects of rotationalshifts on the micturition patterns of female nurses to that in female nurses with routine daytime shifts. Methods: A total of 19 nurses without lower urinary tract symptoms who worked rotational shifts for an average duration of 2years were recruited. A voiding diary was kept for 9 consecutive days, and the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) questionnairewas completed three times, starting 3 days before their night duties until 3 days after completion of their night duties. For comparison, seven nurses with regular shifts completed a 3-day voiding diary and the OABSS questionnaire. Results: Female nurses working rotational shifts had lower overall urine production and had decreased urination frequencyand nocturia than female nurses working regular shifts, even when the nurses who worked rotational shifts had a regular night’ssleep for at least 7 days. Upon reinitiation of night duty, overall urine production increased significantly, with no significantchanges in urgency and frequency. When these nurses returned to daytime duty, the volume of urine decreased but nocturnalurine production remained high, and the incidence of nocturia also increased significantly. However, the effects on OABSSscore were not significant under the study design used. Conclusions: Long-term rotational shifts resulted in adaptive changes such as decreased urine production and frequency inhealthy, young female nurses. In addition, their micturition patterns were significantly affected by abrupt changes in their workschedules. Although working in shifts did not increase urgency or frequency of urination in healthy, young female nurses workingrotational shifts for an average 2 years, large-scale studies are needed to systematically analyze the influence of shift worktimings on micturition in humans.
Abstract
Purpose: Healthy, young individuals are known to exhibit circadian variation in urinary functions. However, the effects ofchronic circadian disturbance on voiding functions are largely unknown. The present work compared the effects of rotationalshifts on the micturition patterns of female nurses to that in female nurses with routine daytime shifts. Methods: A total of 19 nurses without lower urinary tract symptoms who worked rotational shifts for an average duration of 2years were recruited. A voiding diary was kept for 9 consecutive days, and the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) questionnairewas completed three times, starting 3 days before their night duties until 3 days after completion of their night duties. For comparison, seven nurses with regular shifts completed a 3-day voiding diary and the OABSS questionnaire. Results: Female nurses working rotational shifts had lower overall urine production and had decreased urination frequencyand nocturia than female nurses working regular shifts, even when the nurses who worked rotational shifts had a regular night’ssleep for at least 7 days. Upon reinitiation of night duty, overall urine production increased significantly, with no significantchanges in urgency and frequency. When these nurses returned to daytime duty, the volume of urine decreased but nocturnalurine production remained high, and the incidence of nocturia also increased significantly. However, the effects on OABSSscore were not significant under the study design used. Conclusions: Long-term rotational shifts resulted in adaptive changes such as decreased urine production and frequency inhealthy, young female nurses. In addition, their micturition patterns were significantly affected by abrupt changes in their workschedules. Although working in shifts did not increase urgency or frequency of urination in healthy, young female nurses workingrotational shifts for an average 2 years, large-scale studies are needed to systematically analyze the influence of shift worktimings on micturition in humans.
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