A Novel Dental Plaque Index Using Intraoral Camera Images
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background: This study aimed to evaluate whether a Novel Plaque Index (NPI) using intraoral camera images would be more useful for assessing the accumulated area of dental plaque compared to three other indices. Methods: This study evaluated 80 disclosed plaque tooth surface images from 40 participants, including the facial surfaces of the maxillary left first molar and mandibular left central incisor. The tooth surface was divided longitudinally into three sections, with each section further subdivided into four subsections. A score ranging from 0 to 5 was assigned to each longitudinal third, and the average score was determined as the NPI score for the tooth surface. Two examiners assessed the NPI, Patient Hygiene Performance Index, Quigley and Hein Plaque Index, and Rustogi’s Modified Navy Plaque Index scores obtained using the plaque images. The assessments were repeated twice with a 2-weeks washout period. The Plaque Percent Index (PPI) score calculated via image analysis is considered the gold standard. Results: The NPI showed the highest correlation coefficient with PPI compared to the other indices (examiner 1: 0.87, examiner 2: 0.88). The intraexaminer reliability of the NPI was excellent for both examiners. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for examiner 1 and 2 was 0.95 and 0.93, respectively. The weighted kappa values were ＞0.85 for both examiners. The ICC of the interexaminer analysis was 0.93 and the weighted kappa showed a reliability value of 0.81. Conclusion: The NPI was found to have greater validity and reliability than the three existing indices for the quantitative scoring of dental plaque.
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate whether a Novel Plaque Index (NPI) using intraoral camera images would be more useful for assessing the accumulated area of dental plaque compared to three other indices. Methods: This study evaluated 80 disclosed plaque tooth surface images from 40 participants, including the facial surfaces of the maxillary left first molar and mandibular left central incisor. The tooth surface was divided longitudinally into three sections, with each section further subdivided into four subsections. A score ranging from 0 to 5 was assigned to each longitudinal third, and the average score was determined as the NPI score for the tooth surface. Two examiners assessed the NPI, Patient Hygiene Performance Index, Quigley and Hein Plaque Index, and Rustogi’s Modified Navy Plaque Index scores obtained using the plaque images. The assessments were repeated twice with a 2-weeks washout period. The Plaque Percent Index (PPI) score calculated via image analysis is considered the gold standard. Results: The NPI showed the highest correlation coefficient with PPI compared to the other indices (examiner 1: 0.87, examiner 2: 0.88). The intraexaminer reliability of the NPI was excellent for both examiners. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for examiner 1 and 2 was 0.95 and 0.93, respectively. The weighted kappa values were ＞0.85 for both examiners. The ICC of the interexaminer analysis was 0.93 and the weighted kappa showed a reliability value of 0.81. Conclusion: The NPI was found to have greater validity and reliability than the three existing indices for the quantitative scoring of dental plaque.
참고문헌 (25)
- Socransky SS, "Dental biofilms : difficult therapeutic targets", Periodontol 2000, 28, pp.12~55 (2002)[DOI]
- Shibly O, "Supragingival dental plaque in the etiology of oral diseases", Periodontol 2000, 8, pp.42~59 (1995)[DOI]
- Hine MK, "The use of the toothbrush in the treatment of periodontitis", J Am Dent Assoc, 41, pp.158~168 (1950)[DOI]
- Schei O, "Alveolar bone loss as related to oral hygiene and age", J Periodontol, 30, pp.7~16 (1959)[DOI]
- Löe H, "Experimental gingivitis in man", J Periodontol, 36, pp.177~187 (1965)[DOI]
- Totiam P, "A new in vitro model to study the relationship of gap size and secondary caries", Caries Res, 41, pp.467~473 (2007)[DOI]
- Arnim SS, "The use of disclosing agents for measuring tooth cleanliness", J Periodontol, 34, pp.227~245 (1963)[DOI]
- Podshadley AG, "A method for evaluating oral hygiene performance", Public Health Rep (1896), 83, pp.259~264 (1968)[DOI]
- Quigley GA, "Comparative cleansing efficiency of manual and power brushing", J Am Dent Assoc, 65, pp.26~29 (1962)[DOI]
- Turesky S, "Reduced plaque formation by the chloromethyl analogue of victamine C", J Periodontol, 41, pp.41~43 (1970)[DOI]
- Rustogi KN, "Refinement of the modified navy plaque index to increase plaque scoring efficiency in gumline and interproximal tooth areas", J Clin Dent, 3, pp.C9~C12 (1992)
- Verran J, "Feasibility of using automatic image analysis for measuring dental plaque in situ", J Dent, 14, pp.11~13 (1986)[DOI]
- Bay I, "Quantitative evaluation of the plaque-removing ability of different types of toothbrushes", J Periodontol, 38, pp.526~533 (1967)[DOI]
- Fischman SL, "Current status of indices of plaque", J Clin Periodontol, 13, pp.371~380 (1986)[DOI]
- Matthijs S, "Intra-examiner reproducibility of 4 dental plaque indices", J Clin Periodontol, 28, pp.250~254 (2001)[DOI]
- Claydon N, "The use of planimetry to record and score the modified Navy index and other area-based plaque indices. A comparative toothbrush study", J Clin Periodontol, 22, pp.670~673 (1995)[DOI]
- Schneider CA, "NIH Image to ImageJ : 25 years of image analysis", Nature Methods, 9, pp.671~675 (2012)[DOI]
- Söder PO, "Computerized planimetric method for clinical plaque measurement", Scand J Dent Res, 101, pp.21~25 (1993)[DOI]
- Cicchetti DV, "Guidelines, criteria, and rules of thumb for evaluating normed and standardized assessment instruments in psychology", Psychol Assess, 6, pp.284~290 (1994)[DOI]
- Carter K, "Automated quantification of dental plaque accumulation using digital imaging", J Dent, 32, pp.623~628 (2004)[DOI]
- Carvalho JC, "Validation of the visible occlusal plaque index(VOPI)in estimating caries lesion activity", J Dent, 64, pp.37~44 (2017)[DOI]
- Kong KA, "Statistical methods : reliability assessment and method comparison", Ewha Med J, 40, pp.9~16 (2017)[DOI]
- McHugh ML, "Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic", Biochem Med (Zagreb), 22, pp.276~282 (2012)[DOI]
- Petrie A, "Medical statistics at a glance" (2009), Wiley-Blackwell
- Szklo M, "Epidemiology: beyond the basics", pp.326~ (2014), Jones & Bartlett Learning