간경변증을 동반한 만성 C형간염 환자에서 페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합요법의 치료 효과와 안전성
Clinical efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of peginterferon alpha and ribavirin in cirrhotic patients with HCV infection
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목적: 페그인터페론과 리바비린의 병합요법은 만성 C형간염의 효과적 치료이지만 간경변증을 동반한 환자에서는 치료 효과가 떨어지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 저자들은 간경변증을 동반한 만성 C형간염 환자를 대상으로 페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합요법의 효과 및 부작용을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 1월부터 2007년 1월까지 간경변증을 동반한 만성 C형간염 환자 중 페그인터페론과 리바비린의 병합요법을 받은 65명을 대상으로 바이러스 반응과 부작용을 조사하였다. 페그인터페론 알파-2a는 체중에 관계없이 180 μg을(n=32), 페그인터페론 알파-2b는 1.5 μg/kg을 주 1회 피하주사하였다. 리바비린은 1형 유전자의 경우 75 kg 미만에서는 1,000 mg, 75 kg 이상에서는 1,200 mg을 사용하였고 비1형 유전자의 경우 체중에 관계없이 800 mg을 투여하였다. 유전자형에 따라 1형 유전자형 만성 C형간염인 경우는 48주간 치료하였으며 비1형 유전자형은 24주간 치료하였다. 치료 효과는 지속바이러스반응률(SVR)로 평가하였다. 결과: 본 연구에 포함된 65명 환자 중 HCV유전자 1형 환자(50명)에서 EVR은 70.0%(35/50), ETR은 52.0%(26/50)였고 SVR은 24.0%(12/50)였다. HCV 유전자 비1형 환자(15명)에서 ETR은 53.3% (8/15)였으며 SVR은 33.3%(5/15)였다. 비대상 간경변증 환자(10명)에서 SVR은 대상 간경변증 환자(55명)와 비교하여 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다(20.0% vs. 27.3%, P=0.630). 치료 과정에서 간경변증으로 인한 합병증이 10명에서 발생하였고 11명이 치료와 관련된 부작용으로 치료를 중단하였다. 결론: 간경변증 환자에게서 페그인터페론과 리바비린의 병합요법은 기존의 간염 환자를 대상으로 한 보고와 비교하여 치료 효과가 낮고 심한 부작용으로 중단하는 경우가 흔하였다. 그러나 진행된 간경변증 환자에서 간이식 외에는 다른 효과적인 치료법이 없으므로 만일 부작용이 대해 충분히 주의한다면 일부 환자에서는 병합치료를 고려해 볼 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Background/Aims: The combination therapy of peginterferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin is the standard treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, few trials have involved patients with cirrhosis. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the efficacy and safety of treatment with PEG-IFN and ribavirin in patients with cirrhosis associated with HCV infection. Method: A total of 65 patients were treated with PEG-IFN alpha-2a/ribavirin (n=32) or PEG-IFN alpha-2b/ribavirin (n=33). PEG-IFN alpha-2a and PEG-IFN alpha-2b were administered at doses of 180 μg/week and 1.5 μg/kg/week, respectively, and ribavirin was administered orally at doses of 800–1200 mg. Patients with HCV genotype 1 and genotype non-1 were treated for 48 and 24 weeks, respectively. The treatment response was assessed based on the sustained virologic response (SVR). Results: The early virologic response (EVR), end-of-treatment response (ETR), and SVR were 70.0%, 52.0%, and 24.0%, respectively, in genotype 1 (n=50). In genotype non-1 (n=15), the ETR was 53.3% and the SVR was 33.3%. The overall SVR did not differ with genotype (1 vs non-1, 24.0% vs. 33.3%; P=0.471) or between decompensated cirrhosis and compensated cirrhosis (20.0% vs. 27.3%, P=0.630). Ten patients developed cirrhotic complications during the treatment, and 11 stopped treatment due to treatment -related adverse events. Conclusion: The combination therapy of PEG-IFN and ribavirin exhibited a low efficacy in cirrhotic patients with HCV infection and was associated with frequent serious complications. However, with careful management of complications, the therapy may have a considerable efficacy in some patients with cirrhosis and HCV infection.
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