혈액투석환자 가족의 부담감, 사회적 지지 및 삶의 질
Burden, Social Support and Quality of Life of the Family Caregiver's of Hemodialysis Patients
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목적 : 본 연구는 혈액투석 환자 가족의 부담감, 사회적 지지 및 삶의 질 정도를 파악하여 가족 간호 중재를 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 서술적 상관관계연구이다. 방법 : 혈액투석 환자 가족 132명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS를 이용하여 빈도분석, 상관 관계 분석, t-test, 일원분산분석 및 Scheffe의 사후검정 그리고 다중 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과 : 혈액투석 환자 가족의 부담감은 3.03점, 사회적 지지는 4.77점, 삶의 질은 3.26점이었다. 가족의 부담감은 사회적 지지(r=-.34, p<.001)와 삶의 질(r=-.54, p<.001)에 부적 상관관계를 보였고, 가족의 사회적 지지와 삶의 질은 정적 상관관계(r=.54, p<.001)를 보였다. 혈액투석 환자 가족의 삶의 질은 사회적 지지(t=5.72, p<.001)에 정적인 영향을 미치고, 부담감(t=-5.62, p<.001)은 부적인 영향을 미친다. 결론 : 혈액투석 환자 가족의 부담감은 사회적 지지에 의해 감소될 수 있으며 이것은 그들의 삶의 질 향상에 매우 중요하게 작용한다. 따라서 환자 개인만을 대상으로 하는 간호에서 벗어나 가족 부담감에 대한 사정 및 전인적 가족 간호 중재 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.
Abstract
Purpose: This study was a descriptive correlation research designed to provide basic data on family nursinginterventions by examining burden, social support and quality of life for family caregivers of patients onhemodialysis. Methods: Data were collected from 132 family caregivers of patients on hemodialysis andanalyzed using frequency analysis, correlation analysis, independent samples t-test method, one-way ANOVAand post-hoc analysis of Scheffè, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Burden for family caregivers ofpatients on hemodialysis was 3.03, social support, 4.77, and quality of life, 3.26. Burden showed a negativecorrelation with social support (r=-.34, p<.001), and with quality of life (r=-.54, p<.001). There was a positivecorrelation between social support and quality of life (r=.54, p<.001). Factors predicting quality of life forfamily caregivers, were a significant and positive effect from social support (t=5.72, p<.001) and a negativeeffect from family burden (t=-5.62, p<.001). Conclusion: Results of the study indicate that burden of thesefamily caregivers can be reduced by social support which plays an important role in improving quality of life. A nursing intervention program which goes beyond simply caring for patients and includes assessment of familyburden and support for overall family caretaking needs to be developed.
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