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혈액투석 환자의 증상 경험과 자가간호역량이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

The Impact of Symptom Experience and Self-Care Agency on Quality of Life in Patients with Hemodialysis

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주제분류간호학

초록

목적: 이 연구는 정기적인 혈액투석을 받는 5기 만성콩팥질환 환자들을 대상으로 증상 경험과 자기간호역량이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 조사한 서술적 연구였다. 방법: 참가자는 J시에 위치한 종합병원 1곳과 개인병원 2곳에서 모집되었으며, 2022년 6월 30일부터 7월 18일까지 154명이 구조화된 설문지를 작성했다. 자료는 기술 통계, 독립 t-검정, 일원 분산 분석, Scheffé 검정, Pearson의 상관계수 및 위계적 다중회귀 분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 평균 증상 경험 점수는 0.91±0.67점(5점 만점), 자가간호역량은 4.19±0.71점(6점 만점), 삶의 질은 3.02±0.49점(5점 만점)이었다. 삶의 질과 신체적 증상 경험(r=-.39, p<.001)과 정서적 증상 경험(r=-.39, p<.001) 사이에는 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 삶의 질과 자가간호역량 사이에는 양의 상관관계가 있었다(r=.66, p<.001). 회귀분석 결과, 자가간호역량(β=.48, p<.001), 정서적 증상 경험(β=-.27, p=.001), 가구 월 평균 수입(β=.19, p=.002)이 삶의 질에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 삶의 질을 54.0% 설명하였다. 결론: 이러한 결과는 혈액투석 환자의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위해 정서적 증상 경험을 평가하고 중재하며, 자가간호역량을 강화하기 위한 구체적인 전략을 가진 효과적인 프로그램을 개발할 필요가 있음을 제언한다.

Abstract

Purpose: This was a descriptive study investigating the effect of symptom experience and self-care agency on quality of life among patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease undergoing regular hemodialysis. Methods: The participants were recruited from one general hospital and two private hospitals located in J city. 154 participated and completed structured questionnaires from June 30 to July 18, 2022. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: The mean symptom experience score was 0.91±0.67 (out of 5), self-care agency was 4.19±0.71 (out of 6), and quality of life was 3.02±0.49 (out of 5). A negative correlation was found between quality of life and physical symptom experience (r=-.39, p<.001) and emotional symptom experience (r=-.39, p<.001). A positive correlation was found between quality of life and self-care agency (r=.66, p<.001). The regression analysis showed self-care agency (β=.48, p<.001), emotional symptom experience (β=-.27, p=.001), and monthly family income (β=.19, p=.002) significantly influenced quality of life, and explained 54.0% of the quality of life. Conclusion: These results suggest to improve the quality of lifeamong patients on hemodialysis, it is necessary to assess and intervene with emotional symptom experiences and develop effective programs with specific strategies to enhance self-care agency.

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