월경통의 변증별 증상특징에 대한 문헌 연구
A Literature Review on Syndrome Differentiation of Dysmenorrhea
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본 연구는 문헌에 나타난 월경통의 변증 유형을 조사하여 증후별 임상증상과 舌, 脈의 특성을 알아보고자 시행되었다. KISS, OASIS, CNKI에서의 문헌 검색을 통하여 2007년 11월부터 2017년 10월까지 월경통의 변증 유형에 대한 연구 논문, 변증 진단의 기준이 제시된 연구 논문, 변증에 의거하여 치료가 이루어진 RCT 연구 논문 등을 수집하였다. RCT 연구 논문에서 쓰인 변증의 빈도 조사를 통하여 다빈도 증후를 조사하였으며, 종합한 결과 氣滯血瘀, 氣血虛弱, 寒凝血瘀, 肝腎虧損, 濕熱瘀阻의 변증이 선정되었다. 선정된 변증에 대하여 RCT 연구 논문에서 각 변증별로 임상증상의 출현 빈도를 조사하고, 변증별 증상이 기술된 다른 문헌들과 비교하였다. 또한 변증별로 하나 이상의 문헌에서 주요 증상으로 선정되었거나 RCT 논문을 포함한 총 문헌에서 출현한 빈도수가 반수 이상인 증상 및 최다 빈도로 나온 舌, 脈을 종합하였다. 氣滯血瘀 변증에서는 經前 或 經期 小腹脹痛, 拒按, 乳房胸脇脹痛, 胸悶不舒, 月經不暢, 月經量少色紫暗, 經血有塊 塊下痛減, 舌色紫暗或有瘀點, 脈弦이 주요하게 나타났다. 氣血虛弱 변증에서는 經後 或 經期의 小腹隱痛, 喜按, 小腹及陰部空墜感, 神疲乏力, 頭暈, 心悸, 月經量少色淡質稀, 舌質淡苔薄, 脈細無力 或 脈細가 주요하게 나타났다. 寒凝血瘀 변증에서는 經期 或 經前 小腹冷痛, 得熱痛減, 手足不溫, 畏寒, 月經量少色暗有塊, 舌質暗苔白, 脈沈緊이 주요하게 나타났다. 肝腎虧損 변증에서는 經後 或 經期 小腹綿綿作痛 또는 小腹隱痛, 腰膝酸軟, 頭暈耳鳴, 月經量少色暗, 舌質淡紅苔薄或薄白, 脈細 或 脈細弦 或 脈沈이 주요하게 나타났다. 濕熱瘀阻 변증에서는 經前 或 經期 小腹灼痛 또는 腹內灼熱感과 동반되는 刺痛 或 脹痛, 拒按, 腰骶痛, 低熱起伏, 帶下黃稠, 月經色紫暗質稠有塊, 舌質紅苔黃膩, 脈滑數 或 弦數이 주요하게 나타났다.
Abstract
Objectives: This study was conducted to comprehend the syndrome differentiations of dysmenorrhea and find out their clinical symptoms, tongue images and pulse patterns by analyzing previous studies. Methods: The following researches were collected by searching the medical journals published from November, 2007 to October, 2017, from KISS, OASIS, CNKI. : researches on the syndrome differentiation of dysmenorrhea, researches on the criteria of diagnosis of syndrome differentiation of dysmenorrhea, randomized controlled trials (RCT) used syndrome differentiation for treating dysmenorrhea. Results: By investigating the frequency of syndrome differentiations used in RCT studies, the frequent ones were chosen. They were qi stagnation and blood stasis (氣滯血瘀), qi-blood deficiency (氣血虛弱), congealing cold with blood stasis (寒凝血瘀), liver-kidney depletion (肝腎虧損), blood stasis with dampness-heat (濕熱瘀阻). Conclusion: 4 syndrome differentiations were frequently used in RCT studies. And the frequency of clinical symptoms on each syndrome differentiations from each RCT study was analyzed and compared. Clinical symptoms chosen as chief symptoms in more than one reference, appeared in more than half of the references, most frequent tongue images and pulse conditions were organized. The most frequent clinical symptoms included the period and pattern of pain, the accompanying symptoms of whole-body and the pattern of menstrual bleeding.
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