Racialized Asian America and Transnationality
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The paper examines how the epistemology of Orientalism has been constructed and transformed throughout the US history in relation to transnational movements, connections, and contestation. It also reviews how various discourses produced by Asian American writers and scholars have critiqued the ideology of Orientalism. Examining three important historical phases of Asian American immigration history, the paper traces tight connections between transnationality and Orientalist racialization of Asian Americans. In the beginning period of Asian immigration, Asian Americans' Americaness was questioned by the US nation state itself because of the presumed transnational connections of Asian Americans. Even after the state sponsored racist policies were eradicated, Asian Americans still have suffered from cultural stereotypes, which have constantly produced homogeneous images of Asian Americans. In more recent decades, dramatic changes have occurred in the conceptions of Asian American identities. Transnational connections, which have been historically considered as more or less risky aspects in proving Asian Americans' American identities, became restored and acknowledged by many Asian Americans. The changing consciousness of Asian American identities prove that Asian American identities are still on the making according to constantly changing historical contexts.
Abstract
The paper examines how the epistemology of Orientalism has been constructed and transformed throughout the US history in relation to transnational movements, connections, and contestation. It also reviews how various discourses produced by Asian American writers and scholars have critiqued the ideology of Orientalism. Examining three important historical phases of Asian American immigration history, the paper traces tight connections between transnationality and Orientalist racialization of Asian Americans. In the beginning period of Asian immigration, Asian Americans' Americaness was questioned by the US nation state itself because of the presumed transnational connections of Asian Americans. Even after the state sponsored racist policies were eradicated, Asian Americans still have suffered from cultural stereotypes, which have constantly produced homogeneous images of Asian Americans. In more recent decades, dramatic changes have occurred in the conceptions of Asian American identities. Transnational connections, which have been historically considered as more or less risky aspects in proving Asian Americans' American identities, became restored and acknowledged by many Asian Americans. The changing consciousness of Asian American identities prove that Asian American identities are still on the making according to constantly changing historical contexts.
참고문헌 (21)
- Cao, Lan, "Monkey Bridge" (1997)
- Cha, "Dictee" (1982), Tanam Press
- Chan, "An Anthology of Asian American Writers" (1974), Howard UP
- Hagedorn, Jessica, "Carol Publishing Group" (1990)
- "Charlie Chan is Dead: An Anthology of Contemporary Asian American Fiction" (1993), Penguin
- Hall,Stuart, "Cultural Identity and Diaspora. Identity, Community, Culture, Difference" (1993), Lawrence & Wishart
- Hwang, David Henry, "Butterfly" (1989), Penguin
- Keller, Nora Okja, "Comfort Woman" (1997), Penguin
- "Fox Girl" (2003), Penguin
- Kondo, Dorinne, "About Face: Performing ‘Race’ in Fashion and Theater" (1997), Routledge
- Kurashige, "Congressional Record, 42n Cong., 1st sees., 1882. Major Problems in Asian American History, Documents and Essays" (2003), Houghton Mifflin Company
- Lai, "Island, Poetry and History of Chinese Immigrants on Angel Island, 1910-1940" (1991), University of Washington Press
- Lee, Erika, "Orientalism in the Americas, A Hemispheric Approach to Asian American History", Journal of Asian American Studies, 8(3), pp.235~256 (2005)
- Lee, Jee Yeun, "Toward a Queer Korean American Diasporic History.Q & A: Queer in Asian America" (1998), Temple UP
- Loti, Pierre, "Madame Chrysanthemum", Kegan Paul Limited (2002)
- Lowe, "Immigrant Acts: On Asian American Cultural Politics" (1996), Duke UP
- Omi, "Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s" (1994), Routledge
- Sankaran, "Alphabet Soup. The Red Carpet: Bangalore Stories" (2005), Dial Press
- Takaki, "Strangers from a Different Shore: A History of Asian Americans" (1989), Little and Brown Company
- Tateish, "And Justice For All: An Oral History of the Japanese American Detention Camps" (1984), Random House
- Yamashita, "Circle K Cycles" (2001), Coffee House Press