유리체강 내 주입술을 받는 망막질환자의 시각 관련 삶의 질 영향요인
Factors Influencing on Vision-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Retinal Diseases Receiving Intravitreal Injections
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목적: 본 연구의 목적은 유리체강 내 주입술을 받는 망막질환자의 불안과 우울, 대처, 눈 건강행위, 시각 관련 삶의 질 간의 관계를 확인하고, 유리체강 내 주입술을 받는 환자들의 시각 관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하는 것이다. 연구방법: 황반변성과 당뇨병성망막병증을 진단받은 105명의 안과 외래환자를 대상으로 일개 대학병원에서 2019년 8월 16일～2020년 3월 25일까지 모집하였다. 수집된 자료는 IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) 프로그램을 이용하여 실수와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé 사후검증, Pearson‘s correlation coefficient, 다중회귀분석(Multiple regression)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과: 유리체강 내 주입술을 받는 망막질환자의 일반적 특성에 따른 시각 관련 삶의 질 차이는 연령(F=3.01, p=.034), 주관적 경제상태(F=5.83, p=.004), 망막질환의 유형(t=2.62, p=.010), 양안(t=-3.04, p=.003)에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 유리체강 내 주입술을 받는 망막질환자의 시각 관련 삶의 질은 연령(r=.24, p=.012)과 유의한 양의 상관관계, 불안(r=-.66, p<.001), 우울(r=-.48, p<.001), 정서 중심 대처(r=-.20, p=.036)와 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 유리체강 내 주입술을 받는 망막질환자의 시각 관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인은 불안과 주관적 경제상태였으며, 2개 변인이 유리체강 내 주입술을 받는 망막질환자의 시각 관련 삶의 질을 총 47.0% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 보건의료인들은 빈번한 치료로 인한 환자들의 낮은 사회경제적 지위에 관심을 가질 필요가 있다. 또한 실제 유리체강 내 주입술을 받는 외래환자들의 시각 관련 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위해서 불안감을 줄이는 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify influencing factors on vision-related quality of life in patients with retinal diseases receiving intravitreal injections by examining relationships among anxiety, depression, coping, eye health behaviors and vision-related quality of life. Methods: One hundred and five outpatients who were diagnosed with macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy were recruited from one university hospital during August 16, 2019 to March 25, 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage, mean, standard deviation), and t-tests, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlations, and stepwise multiple regressions using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Results: The vision-related quality of life according to general characteristics of retinal disease patients with intravitreal injection showed significant differences in age (F=3.01, p=.034), subjective economic status (F=5.83, p=.004), types of retinal disease (t=2.62, p=.010), and disease in both eyes (t=-3.04, p=.003). The vision-related quality of life showed a significant positive correlation with age (r=.24, p=.012), and negative correlations with anxiety (r=-.66, p<.001), depression (r=-.48, p<.001), and emotion-focused coping (r=-.20, p=.036). The hierarchical regression analysis indicated that factors affecting vision-related quality of life in patients with retinal diseases were anxiety and subjective economic status, accounting for 47.0% of the variances of the vision-related quality of life. Conclusion: Based on our results, health professionals need to pay attention to patients with low socioeconomic status due to frequent treatments. Also, a program needs to be developed to decrease anxiety for outpatients receiving intravitreal injections to improve their vision-related quality of life.
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