The Fornix: Functional Anatomy, Normal Neuroimaging, and Various Pathological Conditions
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The fornix is the major white-matter outflow tract from the hippocampus; it has a significant role in cognitive function. It is readily imaged via magnetic resonance imaging; its main parts are the crura, commissure, body, and columns. In this pictorial essay, we describe and illustrate the functional and imaging anatomy of the fornix and limbic system, as well as various disease entities involving the fornix.
Abstract
The fornix is the major white-matter outflow tract from the hippocampus; it has a significant role in cognitive function. It is readily imaged via magnetic resonance imaging; its main parts are the crura, commissure, body, and columns. In this pictorial essay, we describe and illustrate the functional and imaging anatomy of the fornix and limbic system, as well as various disease entities involving the fornix.
참고문헌 (60)
- Thomas AG, "The fornix in health and disease : an imaging review", Radiographics, 31, pp.1107~1121 (2011)
- Lovblad KO, "The fornix and limbic system", Semin Ultrasound CT MR, 35, pp.459~473 (2014)
- Yu D, "A circuit view of deep brain stimulation in Alzheimer's disease and the possible mechanisms", Mol Neurodegener, 14, pp.33~ (2019)
- Christiansen K, "The status of the precommissural and postcommissural fornix in normal ageing and mild cognitive impairment : an MRI tractography study", Neuroimage, 130, pp.35~47 (2016)
- Daitz H, "Note on the fibre content of the fornix system in man", Brain, 76, pp.509~512 (1953)
- Tsivilis D, "A disproportionate role for the fornix and mammillary bodies in recall versus recognition memory", Nat Neurosci, 11, pp.834~842 (2008)
- Hodgetts CJ, "The role of the fornix in human navigational learning", Cortex, 124, pp.97~110 (2020)
- Catani M, "A revised limbic system model for memory, emotion and behaviour", Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 37, pp.1724~1737 (2013)
- Papez JW, "A proposed mechanism of emotion. 1937", J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, 7, pp.103~112 (1995)
- Shah A, "Analysis of the anatomy of the Papez circuit and adjoining limbic system by fiber dissection techniques", J Clin Neurosci, 19, pp.289~298 (2012)
- Jang SH, "Neural injury of the Papez circuit following hypoxic-ischemic brain injury : a case report", Medicine (Baltimore), 95, pp.e5173~ (2016)
- Chang MC, "Diffusion tensor tractography in a patient with memory impairment following encephalitis", Acta Neurol Belg, 116, pp.629~631 (2016)
- Senova S, "Anatomy and function of the fornix in the context of its potential as a therapeutic target", J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 91, pp.547~559 (2020)
- Fletcher E, "Loss of fornix white matter volume as a predictor of cognitive impairment in cognitively normal elderly individuals", JAMA Neurol, 70, pp.1389~1395 (2013)
- Oishi K, "Alzheimer's disease and the fornix", Front Aging Neurosci, 6, pp.241~ (2014)
- Raslau FD, "Memory Part 3 : the role of the fornix and clinical cases", AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 36, pp.1604~1608 (2015)
- Koo H, "Congenital hydrocephalus associated with anomalies of midline telencephalic structures. a case report", Pathol Res Pract, 187, pp.939~942 (1991)
- Rosenbaum RS, "Congenital absence of the mammillary bodies : a novel finding in a wellstudied case of developmental amnesia", Neuropsychologia, 65, pp.82~87 (2014)
- 전이경, "Absence of the Septum Pellucidum Associated with a Midline Fornical Nodule and Ventriculomegaly: A Report of Two Cases", Journal of Korean Medical Science, 25(6), pp.970~973 (2010), 대한의학회
- Kumar R, "Mammillary body and fornix injury in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome", Pediatr Res, 66, pp.429~434 (2009)
- Kapur N, "Herpes simplex encephalitis : long term magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological profile", J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 57, pp.1334~1342 (1994)
- Zagardo MT, "Rhombencephalitis caused by adenovirus : MR imaging appearance", AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 19, pp.1901~1903 (1998)
- 손수민, "Fornix Injury in a Patient with Rotavirus Encephalopathy: Diffusion Tensor Tractography Study", Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 36(4), pp.551~653 (2012), 대한재활의학회
- Yong Wonn Kwon, "Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast (DSC) Perfusion MR in the Prediction of Long- Term Survival of Glioblastomas (GBM): Correlation with MGMT Promoter Methylation and 1p", 19q Deletions, 2018, pp.22(3), 158~167[DOI]
- Hsu BH, "Spinal metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme before gliosarcomatous transformation : a case report", BMC Neurol, 20, pp.178~ (2020)
- Oberndorfer S, "Akinetic mutism caused by bilateral infiltration of the fornix in a patient with astrocytoma", Eur J Neurol, 9, pp.311~313 (2002)
- Ogawa K, "A patient with improvement in short-term memory disturbance brought about by radiation therapy for germinoma involving Papez circuit", Radiat Med, 17, pp.317~322 (1999)
- Saeki N, "Heavily T2-weighted MR imaging of white matter tracts in the hypothalamus : normal and pathologic demonstrations", AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 22, pp.1468~1475 (2001)
- Yoon SS, "Retrograde amnesia associated with fornix lymphoma", Eur Neurol, 60, pp.155~158 (2008)
- Blauwblomme T, "Forniceal glioma in children. Clinical article", J Neurosurg Pediatr, 4, pp.249~253 (2009)
- Chan S, "Limbic system abnormalities associated with mesial temporal sclerosis : a model of chronic cerebral changes due to seizures", Radiographics, 17, pp.1095~1110 (1997)
- Shinnar S, "Febrile seizures and mesial temporal sclerosis", Epilepsy Curr, 3, pp.115~118 (2003)
- Camacho DL, "MR imaging of temporal lobe epilepsy", Semin Ultrasound CT MR, 28, pp.424~436 (2007)
- Roosendaal SD, "Regional DTI differences in multiple sclerosis patients", Neuroimage, 44, pp.1397~1403 (2009)
- Pittock SJ, "Neuromyelitis optica brain lesions localized at sites of high aquaporin 4 expression", Arch Neurol, 63, pp.964~968 (2006)
- Lemos MD, "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders : beyond longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis", Clin Radiol, 70, pp.630~637 (2015)
- Kim TE, "Wernicke encephalopathy and ethanol-related syndromes", Semin Ultrasound CT MR, 35, pp.85~96 (2014)
- Zuccoli G, "Neuroimaging findings in acute Wernicke's encephalopathy : review of the literature", AJR Am J Roentgenol, 192, pp.501~508 (2009)
- Zuccoli G, "MR imaging findings in 56 patients with Wernicke encephalopathy : nonalcoholics may differ from alcoholics", AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 30, pp.171~176 (2009)
- Borges RS, "Forniceal involvement in Wernicke encephalopathy", AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 32, pp.E209~ (2011)[DOI]
- Sugai A, "Atypical MRI findings of Wernicke encephalopathy in alcoholic patients", AJR Am J Roentgenol, 195, pp.W372~373 (2010)[DOI]
- Mugikura S, "Fornix infarction due to involvement of posterior circulation", J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 24, pp.2883~2885 (2015)
- Moudgil SS, "Amnesia due to fornix infarction", Stroke, 31, pp.1418~1419 (2000)
- Karri M, "Ischemic amnesia caused by bilateral fornix infarction : a rare entity", Ann Indian Acad Neurol, 22, pp.333~334 (2019)
- Salvalaggio A, "Acute amnestic syndrome in isolated bilateral fornix stroke", Eur J Neurol, 25, pp.787~789 (2018)
- Ren C, "Memory impairment due to a small acute infarction of the columns of the fornix", J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 27, pp.e138~ (2018)[DOI]
- Mazarakis NK, "Partial recovery from amnesia following bilateral surgical fornix transection is correlated with cortical plasticity", Br J Neurosurg, 25, pp.658~661 (2011)
- Kinoshita F, "Ipsilateral atrophy of the mammillary body and fornix after thalamic stroke : evaluation by MRI", Acta Radiol, 60, pp.1512~1522 (2019)
- Yallampalli R, "Acute white matter differences in the fornix following mild traumatic brain injury using diffusion tensor imaging", J Neuroimaging, 23, pp.224~227 (2013)
- Stern RA, "Long-term consequences of repetitive brain trauma : chronic traumatic encephalopathy", PM R, 3, pp.S460~467 (2011)
- Soleman J, "Neurocognitive complications after ventricular neuroendoscopy : a systematic review", Behav Neurol, 2020, pp.2536319~ (2020)
- Hattori T, "Different patterns of fornix damage in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer disease", AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 33, pp.274~279 (2012)
- Milton CK, "Diffusion tensor imaging tractography for fornix identification in intraventricular tumor surgery: a case series", Neurosurgery Open, 1, pp.005~ (2020)
- Yang JH, "Mechanism of cognitive impairment in chronic patients with putaminal hemorrhage : a diffusion tensor tractography", Medicine (Baltimore), 97, pp.e11035~ (2018)
- Yeo SS, "Injury of fornix in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage", Int J Neurosci, 122, pp.195~199 (2012)
- Savastano LE, "Korsakoff syndrome from retrochiasmatic suprasellar lesions : rapid reversal after relief of cerebral compression in 4 cases", J Neurosurg, 128, pp.1731~1736 (2018)
- Yoshida M, "Recovered recall memory after decompression of the fornix by surgical removal of pineal tumor", Neurology, 86, pp.790~791 (2016)
- Rudie JD, "Neuroimaging of dilated perivascular spaces : from benign and pathologic causes to mimics", J Neuroimaging, 28, pp.139~149 (2018)
- Sepehrband F, "Perivascular space fluid contributes to diffusion tensor imaging changes in white matter", Neuroimage, 197, pp.243~254 (2019)
- Osborn AG, "Diagnostic imaging: brain" (2015), Elsevier Health Sciences
