P300 숨긴정보검사와 대응수단
P300-based concealed information test and countermeasures
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초록
P300 숨긴정보검사는 전통적인 대응수단에 큰 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 전형적인세 자극 프로토콜을 사용한 P300 숨긴정보검사가 새로운 대응수단에 영향을 받는지 검증하였다. 세 가지 유형의대응수단을 사용하였다. 첫 번째는 순차적 대응수단으로, 무관련자극이 제시될 때마다 왼손 검지손가락에 힘주기, 오른쪽 발가락에 힘주기, 마음속으로 어머니 이름 부르기, 마음속으로 아버지 이름 부르기를 순서대로 하나 씩 수행하는 것이었다. 나머지 두 개의 대응수단은 부분 매칭 대응수단으로 네 개의 무관련자극 중 특정한 2개의 무관련자극에만 반응을 하는 것이었다. 두 번째는 행동적 부분 매칭 대응수단으로, 특정한 한 무관련자극이 제시되면 왼손 검지손가락에 힘을 주고, 특정한 다른 무관련자극이 제시되면 오른쪽 발가락에 힘을 주는 것이었다. 세 번째는 정신적 부분 매칭 대응수단으로, 특정한 한 무관련자극이 제시되면 마음속으로 어머니 이름을 부르고, 특정한 다른 무관련자극이 제시되면 마음속으로 아버지 이름을 부르는 것이었다. 실험결과, 순차적 대응수단을 사용하는 것은 예상과는 달리 P300 숨긴정보검사의 정확판단율을 77%에서 92%로 증가시켰다. 부분 매칭 대응수단은 P300 숨긴정보검사의 정확판단율에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 물리적 대응수단은 정확판단율을 77%에서 46%로 감소시켰으며, 정신적 대응수단은 정확판단율을 100%에서 69%로 감소시켰다. 대응수단의 사용을 억제하거나 탐지할 수 있는 기법의 개발 필요성을 논의하였다.
Abstract
It is known that P300-based concealed information test (P300 CIT) was not greatly affected by the traditionalcountermeasures. This study was to test whether P300 CIT is affected by the new countermeasures. We used threetypes of countermeasures. First type was a sequential countermeasure in which participants had to respond inalternating ways to irrelevants by pressing the left index finger covertly when the encountered irrelevant firstly, bywiggling the right big toe inside the shoe when encountered irrelevant secondly, by imaging his or her mother's namewhen encountered irrelevant thirdly, and by imaging his or her father's name when encountered irrelevant fourthlyuntil all stimuli were presented. Second type was a partial matching and physical countermeasure. Participants in thistype were asked to press the left index finger imperceptibly after one of the irrelevants and wiggle the right big toeafter another of the irrelevants. Third type was a partial matching and mental countermeasure. Participants wererequired to imagine mother's name for one irrelevant and father's name for another irrelevant. The results showed thatcontrary to our expectation, the use of sequential countermeasure increased the detection rate from 77% to 92%. Thepartial matching countermeasure had a negative effect on P300 CIT. The physical countermeasure decreased thedetection rate from 77% to 46%, and the mental countermeasure decreased the detection rate from 100% to 69%. The necessity for the development of methods to prevent or detect countermeasure is discussed.
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