기업 성장단계별 IT기업의 경영성과 결정요인에 관한 실증연구
An Empirical Study on the Determinants of IT Firms' Performance by the Stages of Growth
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초록
본 연구는 75개 IT 기업을 대상으로 기업 성장 단계에 따른 경영성과 결정요인에 관해 실증 분석을 수행한 연구이다. 주체, 환경, 자원 및 메커니즘 요인인 선택, 학습, 조정 메커니즘을 독립변수로 하여, 기업의 정성적, 정량적 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 기업의 성장단계는 창업기, 성장기, 성숙기의 3단계로 구분하였으며, 6개의 연구가설을 제시하였다. 분석 결과 주체요인은 창업기와 성장기에서 기업의 정성적, 정량적 경영성과에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 갖는 것으로 분석되었으며, 환경 요인은 성장기와 성숙기에서 기업의 경영성과에 영향을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 정부의 지원 요인은 성장기에서 정성적, 정량적 경영성과에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 보였으며,경쟁 강도 요인은 성숙기에서 기업의 정성적 경영성과에 유의미한 부(-)의 영향이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 자원 요인은 성장기에서 정량적 경영성과에 부(-)의 영향을 보였으며, 이는 기존의 자원기반관점의 연구와 대조되는 연구 결과이다. 선택 메커니즘 요인은 성장기에서 정성적 경영성과에 p=0.1 수준에서 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으나 p=0.05 수준에서는 유의미하지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 학습 메커니즘의 경우 성장단계에서 정량적 경영성과에 부(-)의 영향을 보였으며, 조정 메커니즘 요인은 성숙기에 정성적 경영성과에 부(-)의 영향을 갖는 것으로 분석되었다.
Abstract
This study conducted a regression analysis on 75 IT-based firms in order to identify the determinants of the firms’ performance throughout the stages of business growth. Subject, environment, resource and mechanism-based factors were used as independent variables while the firms' tangible and intangible performance was used as dependent variables. The business growth stages were classified into start-up, growth, and maturity for the control variable. In this study, 6 research hypotheses were represented in association with the research purposes. Analysis results showed that the subject factor had a significant positive effect on both tangible and intangible performance in start-up and growth stages.Environment-related factors were associated with the firms' performance in growth and maturity stages. Government supports had positive impact on both tangible and intangible business records in the growth stage. The intensity of competition had significant negative effect on the firms' intangible performance in the maturity stage. The resource factor was analyzed to have negative effect on the firms' tangible performance in the growth stage; however the evidence failed to support the hypothesis related to the resource-based factor. Selecting mechanism factor was significant for intangible performance in the growth stage where p=0.1, however the same research hypothesis was not supported by evidence in p=0.05 level. Learning mechanism also had a significant negative impact on tangible business performance in the growth stage and coordinating mechanism factor had a negative effect on intangible performance in the maturity stage.
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