균상재배 느타리버섯부산물 생균발효사료의 반추동물 조사료원으로서의 가치 평가
Evaluation of Microbially Ensiled Spent Mushroom(Pleurotus osteratus) Substrates(Bed-Type Cultivation) as a Roughage for Ruminants
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본 연구는 균상재배 느타리버섯부산물(SMS)의 반추동물 조사료원으로서의 가치를 평가하기 위하여 in situ 반추위 소실율 및 면양을 이용한 in vivo 영양소 소화율, 체내 질소이용성 및 섭취행동패턴을 평가하였다. SMS에 당밀 5%(w/w, 건물기준), 유산균 (Lactobacillus plantarum) 0.5%(v/w) 그리고 효모 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 0.5% (v/w)를 첨가하여 30일간 혐기발효 시킨 후 반추위캐뉼라가 장착된 평균체중 620kg Holstein 육우 2두를 이용하여 in situ 소실율을 평가하였다. 면양대사실험은 평균체중 48kg의 숫 면양 6두 이용하여 3×3 라틴방각법으로 하였다. 대조구는 볏짚 100%를, 처리구는 볏짚의 25%와 50%를 생균발효 SMS로 각각 대체 급여하였다. 균상재배 버섯부산물의 반추위 in situ DM 및 NDF 이용성은 생균발효처리에 의해 개선되었다(P<0.001). 생균발효 SMS를 볏짚의 25% 및 50% 대체하여 면양에게 급여하였을 때, 단백질과 섬유소(NDF, ADF, CF) 소화율은 감소하였으나(P<0.05), 조회분 소화율은 증가하였으며(P<0.001), 면양체내 단백질 축척량은 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 볏짚을 생균발효 SMS로 대체 급여함에 따라 면양의 반추시간은 평균 28% 감소하였다(P<0.05). 생균발효 SMS는 볏짚의 76% 수준의 에너지가를 보였다. 결과적으로, 균상재배 느타리버섯부산물은 유지목적의 반추동물 조사료원으로서 보다 적합한 것으로 사료되었다.
Abstract
An in situ ruminal disappearance trial and an in vivo sheep metabolism trial were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of spent mushroom substrate(SMS, originated from Pleurotus osteratus bed-type cultivation). The raw SMS was ensiled(ESMS) for 30 days with 5%(w/w, DM basis) molasses, 0.5%(v/w) yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and 0.5%(v/w) lactic acid bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum). Two ruminally cannulated Holsteins(average BW 620 kg) were used to evaluate in situ disappearance. Six sheeps (average BW 48kg) were fed, in 3×3 Latin square design, rice straw alone(Control), 25%(ESMS-25) and 50%(ESMS-50) of rice straw were replaced with ensiled SMS. For an in situ trial, ruminal DM and neutral detergent fiber(NDF) disappearance of SMS were increased after ensiling(P<0.05). For a sheep trial, protein and fiber(NDF, acid detergent fiber, crude fiber) digestibilities were decreased(P<0.05), crude ash digestibility was increased(P<0.001), and nitrogen retention was not affected (P>0.05) as rice straw was replaced with ensiled SMS. Ruminating time was decreased by an average of 28% by feeding ensiled SMS(P<0.05). Ensiled SMS(Bed-type cultivation) had 76% of energy value of rice straw. Consequently, ensiled SMS(Bed-type cultivation, 100% cotton waste) could be used as a roughage source appropriate for maintenance type rations for ruminants.
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