사육단계별 에너지 및 단백질 함량이 유색육용계의 생산능력과 사료비용에 미치는 영향
Effect of Dietary Energy and Protein Levels on Productivity and Feed Cost in Crossbred Chicks at Different Growth Stages
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유색육용계의 사육 기간별 사료내 대사에너지와 조단백질수준을 구명하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 사양시험은 사육 전기(0~5주), 중기(6~10), 후기(11~14주)로 나누어 실시하였다. 실험설계는 3×3 요인시험으로 시험사료의 대사에너지와 조단백질은 각각 사육전기에 2,950, 3,000, 3,050kcal/kg, 18, 19, 20%, 중기에 3,000, 3,050, 3,100kcal/kg, 17, 18, 19%, 후기에 3,050, 3,100, 3,150 kcal/kg, 16, 17, 18% 수준으로 급여하였다. 사육 전기에 사료 ME 수준에 따른 증체량, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율은 처리구간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않으나 사료비용은 ME 3,050kcal/kg 처리구에서 유의적으로 높으며 증체량 대비 사료비용(feed cost/weight gain, FC/WG)은 ME 수준이 낮을수록 감소하였다(P<0.05). 그리고 CP 함량에 따른 증체량, 사료요구율은 19, 20% 처리구가 CP 18% 처리구보다 개선되었고 FC/WG는 CP 19% 처리구에서 다른 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). ME 및 CP간 상호작용은 사료섭취량과 사료요구율에서 존재하며 (P<0.05) 증체량은 나타내지 않았다. 사육 중기에 증체량, 사료섭취량은 ME 3,000 kcal/kg 처리구에서 ME 3,100kcal/kg 처리구보다 증가하였고(P<0.05), 사료요구율은 ME 처리구간 차이가 없었다. 이 시기에 사료내 단백질 수준의 차이가 처리구간에 미치는 영향은 없었으며, CP와 ME 수준간 상호작용은 없었다. 그리고 사료비용은 처리구간 차이가 없으나 FC/WG는 ME 3,000, 3,050kcal/kg 처리구에서 ME 3,100kcal/kg 처리구보다 감소하였다(P<0.05). 사육 후기에서 사료의 CP 함량 차이가 증체량, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율에 영향은 미치지 않으나 에너지 수준 차이에 따라서 사료섭취량은 ME 3,150kcal/kg 처리구에서 ME 3,050, 3,100kcal/kg 처리구보다 감소되었다(P<0.05). 사료비용은 CP 16% 처리구에서 CP 18% 처리구보다 낮았고(P<0.05) FC/WG는 CP 16, 17% 처리구에서 CP 18% 처리구에 비하여 낮았다(P<0.05). 따라서, 유색육용계의 생산성 개선을 위한 사육단계별 사료내 적정 단백질 및 에너지수준은 전기, 중기, 후기에 각각 2,950kcal/kg, 19%; 3,000 kcal/kg, 18%; 3,100kcal/kg, 16 또는 17%로 사료된다.
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy and protein levels on productivity and feed cost in crossbred chicks. Experiment was divided into starting(0~5 weeks), growing(6~10 weeks), and finishing(11~14 weeks) periods. Design of feeding trials was 3×3 factorial to feed different energy and protein levels for starting(ME 2,950, 3,000, and 3,050 kcal/kg CP 18, 19, and 20%), growing(ME 3,000, 3,050, and 3,100kcal/kg CP 17, 18, and 19%) and finishing (ME 3,050, 3,100, and 3,150kcal/kg CP 16, 17, and 18%) periods, respectively. In the starting period, weight gain and FCR was improved by dietary protein level(P<0.05). Interaction effect existed in feed intake and FCR(P<0.05). Weight gain was higher in 3,000 kcal/kg ME treatment than 3,100kcal/kg ME treatment for growing period(P<0.05). In finishing period, feed intake was significantly decreased in ME 3,150kcal/kg treatment than the other ME treatments(P<0.05). Feed cost/weight gain(FC/WG) was significantly decreased in chicks fed with 2,950 kcal/kg ME and 19% CP in starting period(P<0.05). For the growing period, FC/WG was notably increased in ME 3,000, 3,050 kcal/kg treatment than ME 3,100 kcal/kg treatment, and the FC/WG of CP 17, 18% treatment was significantly higher than CP 16% treatment(P<0.05). Thus, the optimum levels of ME and CP to improve the productivity and feed cost for starting, growing and finishing periods were 2,950kcal/kg ME, 19% CP 3,000 kcal/kg ME, 18% CP and 3,100kcal/kg ME, 17 or 16% CP, respectively.
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