Study on the fatty acid profile of phospholipid and neutral lipid in Hanwoo beef and their relationship to genetic variation
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Maize which has very high omega-6 fatty acid content has been used as a main feed grain for Hanwoo beef production to increase marbling, and thus omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids ratio in Hanwoo beef is expected to be biased. To elucidate the current status of omega fatty acids ratio in Hanwoo beef, fatty acid profiles of neutral lipid and phospholipid fraction were analyzed separately using 55 Hanwoo steers’ longissimus dorsi muscle slaughtered at Pyeongchang, Korea from Oct. to Nov. 2015. In addition, an association study was conducted to evaluate associations between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from references and omega fatty acid profiles in phospholipid of Hanwoo beef samples using analysis of variance (ANOVA). In neutral lipid fraction, composition of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was higher and polyunsaturated fatty acids was lower compared to those in phospholipid fraction. The mean n-6/n-3 ratios of Hanwoo were 56.059 ± 16.180 and 26.811 ± 6.668 in phospholipid and neutral lipid, respectively. There were three SNPs showing statistically significant associations with omega fatty acid content. GA type of rs41919985 in fatty acid synthase (FASN) was significantly associated with the highest amount of C20:5 n-3 (p = 0.031). CC type of rs41729173 in fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) was significantly associated with the lowest amount of C22:2n-6 (p = 0.047). AG type of rs42187261 in FADS1 was significantly linked to the lowest concentration of C20:4 n-6 (p = 0.044). The total n-6/n-3 ratio of the steer which has all four SNP types in above loci (27.905) was much lower than the mean value of the total n-6/n-3 ratio in phospholipid of the 55 Hanwoo steers (56.059 ± 16.180). It was found that phospholipid and neutral lipid of Hanwoo have very high n-6/n-3 ratios compared to the reported data from different cow breeds. Four SNPs in genes related with fatty acid metabolism showed significant associations with the fatty acid profile of phospholipid and may have potential as SNP markers to select Hanwoo steers in terms of n-6/n-3 balance in the future.
Abstract
Maize which has very high omega-6 fatty acid content has been used as a main feed grain for Hanwoo beef production to increase marbling, and thus omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids ratio in Hanwoo beef is expected to be biased. To elucidate the current status of omega fatty acids ratio in Hanwoo beef, fatty acid profiles of neutral lipid and phospholipid fraction were analyzed separately using 55 Hanwoo steers’ longissimus dorsi muscle slaughtered at Pyeongchang, Korea from Oct. to Nov. 2015. In addition, an association study was conducted to evaluate associations between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from references and omega fatty acid profiles in phospholipid of Hanwoo beef samples using analysis of variance (ANOVA). In neutral lipid fraction, composition of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was higher and polyunsaturated fatty acids was lower compared to those in phospholipid fraction. The mean n-6/n-3 ratios of Hanwoo were 56.059 ± 16.180 and 26.811 ± 6.668 in phospholipid and neutral lipid, respectively. There were three SNPs showing statistically significant associations with omega fatty acid content. GA type of rs41919985 in fatty acid synthase (FASN) was significantly associated with the highest amount of C20:5 n-3 (p = 0.031). CC type of rs41729173 in fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) was significantly associated with the lowest amount of C22:2n-6 (p = 0.047). AG type of rs42187261 in FADS1 was significantly linked to the lowest concentration of C20:4 n-6 (p = 0.044). The total n-6/n-3 ratio of the steer which has all four SNP types in above loci (27.905) was much lower than the mean value of the total n-6/n-3 ratio in phospholipid of the 55 Hanwoo steers (56.059 ± 16.180). It was found that phospholipid and neutral lipid of Hanwoo have very high n-6/n-3 ratios compared to the reported data from different cow breeds. Four SNPs in genes related with fatty acid metabolism showed significant associations with the fatty acid profile of phospholipid and may have potential as SNP markers to select Hanwoo steers in terms of n-6/n-3 balance in the future.
참고문헌 (33)
- Simopoulos AP, "The importance of the ratio of omega-6", omega-3 essential fatty acids, 2002, pp.56, 365~379
- Daley CA, "A review of fatty acid profiles and antioxidant content in grass-fed and grain-fed beef", Nutr J, 9, pp.10~ (2010)
- Weill P, "Effects of introducing linseed in livestock diet on blood fatty acid composition of consumers of animal products", Ann Nutr Metab, 46, pp.182~191 (2002)
- Bourre JM, "Where to find omega-3 fatty acids and how feeding animals with diet enriched in omega-3 fatty acids to increase nutritional value of derived products for human: what is actually useful?", J Nutr Health Aging, 9, pp.232~242 (2005)
- Buchanan JW, "Genetic parameters and genetic correlations among triacylglycerol and phospholipid fractions in Angus cattle", J Anim Sci, 93, pp.522~528 (2015)
- Dujkova R, "Polymorphic effects of FABP4 and SCD genes on intramuscular fatty acid profiles in longissimus muscle from two cattle breeds", Acta Vet Brno, 84, pp.327~336 (2015)
- Li C, "Association analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms in bovine stearoyl-CoA desaturase and fatty acid synthase genes with fatty acid composition in commercial cross-bred beef steers", Anim Genet, 43, pp.93~97 (2012)
- Oh D, "Fatty acid composition of beef is associated with exonic nucleotide variants of the gene encoding FASN", Mol Biol Rep, 39, pp.4083~4090 (2012)
- Taniguchi M, "Differences in stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA levels between Japanese Black and Holstein cattle", Livest Prod Sci, 87, pp.215~220 (2004)
- Ibeagha-Awemu EM, "Associations between variants of FADS genes and omega-3 and omega-6 milk fatty acids of Canadian Holstein cows", BMC Genet, 15, pp.25~ (2014)
- Raes K, "Effect of dietary fatty acids on incorporation of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in lamb, beef and pork meat : a review", Anim Feed Sci Technol, 113, pp.199~221 (2004)
- Folch J, "A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues", J Biol Chem, 226, pp.497~509 (1956)
- Tanamati A, "Comparative study of total lipids in beef using chlorinated solvent and low-toxicity solvent methods", J Am Oil Chem Soc, 82, pp.393~397 (2005)
- Toschi TG, "Pressurized solvent extraction of total lipids in poultry meat", Food Chem, 83, pp.551~555 (2003)
- O’Fallon JV, "A direct method for fatty acid methyl ester synthesis : application to wet meat tissues, oils, and feedstuffs", J Anim Sci, 85, pp.1511~1521 (2007)
- Ghatak S, "A simple method of genomic DNA extraction from human samples for PCR-RFLP analysis", J Biomol Tech, 24, pp.224~231 (2013)
- "US National Library of Medicine"[URL]
- Vincze T, "NEBcutter: a program to cleave DNA with restriction enzymes", Nucleic Acids Res, 31, pp.3688~3691 (2003)
- Mannen H., "Identification and utilization of genes associated with beef qualities", Anim Sci J, 82, pp.1~7 (2011)
- Guillou H, "The key roles of elongases and desaturases in mammalian fatty acid metabolism : Insights from transgenic mice", Prog Lipid Res, 49, pp.186~199 (2010)
- M.S.A. Bhuiyan, "DNA Polymorphisms in SREBF1 and FASN Genes Affect Fatty Acid Composition in Korean Cattle (Hanwoo)", Animal Bioscience, 22(6), pp.765~773 (2009), 아세아·태평양축산학회
- Hirschhorn JN, "Genome-wide association studies for common diseases and complex traits", Nat Rev Genet, 6, pp.95~108 (2005)
- 오동엽, "Identification of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Gene Interactions in Korean Native Cattle Based on the Multifactor-dimensionality Reduction Method", Animal Bioscience, 26(9), pp.1218~1228 (2013), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
- Calder PC, "Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: nutrition or pharmacology?", Br J Clin Pharmacol, 75, pp.645~662 (2013)
- Harika RK, "Intake of fatty acids in general populations worldwide does not meet dietary recommendations to prevent coronary heart disease : a systematic review of data from 40 countries", Ann Nutr Metab, 63, pp.229~238 (2013)
- Hulbert AJ, "Dietary fats and membrane function : implications for metabolism and disease", Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc, 80, pp.155~169 (2005)
- Kris-Etherton PM, "Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food chain in the United States", Am J Clin Nutr, 71, pp.179S~188S (2000)[DOI]
- Roy R, "Genomic structure and alternative transcript of bovine fatty acid synthase gene(FASN) : comparative analysis of the FASN gene between monogastric and ruminant species", Cytogenet Genome Res, 111, pp.65~73 (2005)
- Scollan ND, "Manipulating the fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue in beef cattle", Br J Nutr, 85, pp.115~124 (2001)
- Simopoulos AP, "The importance of the omega-6", omega-3fatty acid ratio in cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases, 2008, pp.233, 674~688
- Simopoulos AP, "Importance of the omega-6", omega-3 balance in health and disease : evolutionary aspects of diet, 2011, pp.102, 10~21
- Sugano M, "Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food chain in Japan", Am J Clin Nutr, 71, pp.189S~196S (2000)
- Zhang S, "DNA polymorphisms in bovine fatty acid synthase are associated with beef fatty acid composition", Anim Genet, 39, pp.62~70 (2008)