Distribution of Fecal Sterols, Nonylphenol, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water from Masan Bay, Korea
2
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Fecal sterols, nonylphenolic compounds (NPs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in surface water from Masan Bay and its adjacent rivers in February 2005. Concentrations of coporstanol (Cop), an indicator of fecal pollution, in surface water ranged from <10 to 13,853 ng/L, and concentrations of nonylphenol, the most toxic of the NPs, ranged from 10.2 to 481 ng/L, and concentrations of PAHs ranged from 8.61 to 223 ng/L. The concentrations of the compounds measured in this study were lower than or comparable to those at other locations in Korea and other countries. The contamination of Cop and PAHs in surface water was associated with the discharge from rivers passing through cities and/or industrial complexes. The NP contamination was associated with wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents through outfalls as well as riverine discharge. Compared to ecotoxicological values, the concentrations of NPs from rivers, the mouths of rivers, and WWTP outfall areas exceeded guidelines, suggesting that hot spot areas may pose a potential risk to sensitive species.
Abstract
Fecal sterols, nonylphenolic compounds (NPs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in surface water from Masan Bay and its adjacent rivers in February 2005. Concentrations of coporstanol (Cop), an indicator of fecal pollution, in surface water ranged from <10 to 13,853 ng/L, and concentrations of nonylphenol, the most toxic of the NPs, ranged from 10.2 to 481 ng/L, and concentrations of PAHs ranged from 8.61 to 223 ng/L. The concentrations of the compounds measured in this study were lower than or comparable to those at other locations in Korea and other countries. The contamination of Cop and PAHs in surface water was associated with the discharge from rivers passing through cities and/or industrial complexes. The NP contamination was associated with wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents through outfalls as well as riverine discharge. Compared to ecotoxicological values, the concentrations of NPs from rivers, the mouths of rivers, and WWTP outfall areas exceeded guidelines, suggesting that hot spot areas may pose a potential risk to sensitive species.
참고문헌 (45)
- Ahel M, "Estrogenic metabolites of alkylphenol ethoxylates in secondary sewage effluents and rivers", Water Sci Technol, 42, pp.15~22 (2000)
- Arias AH, "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water, mussels (Brachidontes sp. Tagelus sp.) and fish (Odontesthes sp.) from Bahia Blanca Estuary, Argentina", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 85, pp.67~81 (2009)
- Bennie DT, "Occurrence of alkylphenols and alkylphenol mono- and diethoxylates in natural waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes basin and the upper St. Lawrence River", Sci Total Environ, 193, pp.263~275 (1997)
- Chan K, "Application of sedimentary fecal stanols and sterols in tracing sewage pollution in coastal waters", Wat Res, 32, pp.225~235 (1998)
- 최민규, "마산만의 하수기인 유기물 fecal sterol의 분포", 한국환경과학회지, 14(5), pp.481~490 (2005), 한국환경과학회
- 최민규, "Sources and Distributions of Organic Wastewater Compounds on the Mokpo Coast of Korea", Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 10(4), pp.205~214 (2007), 한국수산과학회
- 최민규, "Sources and Distributions of Organic Wastewater Compounds on the Mokpo Coast of Korea", Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 10(4), pp.205~214 (2007), 한국수산과학회
- Choi M, "Nationwide monitoring of nonylphenolic com-pounds and coprostanol in sediments from Korean coastal waters", Mar Polutl Bull, 58, pp.1086~1092 (2009)
- Ding WH, "Occurrence and concentrations of aromatic surfactants and their degradation products in River waters of Taiwan", Chemosphere, 38, pp.2597~2606 (1999)
- Diez S, "Occurrence and degradation of butyltins and waste-water marker compounds in sediments from Bar-celona harbor, Spain", Environ Int, 32, pp.858~865 (2006)
- Elhmmali MM, "Combined analysis of bile acids and sterols", stanols from riverine particluates to assess sewage discharges and other fecal sources, 2000, pp.34, 39~46
- Canadian environmental quality guidelines for nonylphenol and its etho-xylateds (Water, sediment, and soil) the protection of aquatic life: nonylphenol and its ethoxylates, "Environment Canada", National guidelines and standards office, ~, pp.Environmental quality branch, Environment Canada, report 1 (2002)
- Ferguson PL, "Distribution and fate of neutral alkylphenol ethoxylate metabolites in a sewage-impacted urban estuary", Environ Sci Technol, 35, pp.2428~2435 (2001)
- Fernandes MB, "Polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) distributions in the Seine River and its estuary", Mar Pollut Bull, 34, pp.857~867 (1997)
- Furaichi T, "Contribution of known endocrine disrupting sub-stances to the estrogenic activity in Tama River water samples from Japan using instrumental analysis and in vitro reporter gene assay", Wat Res, 38, pp.4491~4501 (2004)
- Gilli G, "Faecal sterols determination in wastewater and surface water", J Chromatogr, 843, pp.120~124 (2006)
- Survey of endocrine disrupter in river water in Mie Prefecture, "Hayakawa S", 1~6, pp.An Annual Report of the Mie Research Institute of Health and Environment 46 (2001)
- Hites RA, "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in recent sediments: the historical record", Science, 198, pp.829~831 (1997)
- Hong S, "Current nonylphenol pollution and the past 30 years record in an artificial Lake Shihwa, Korea", Mar Pollut Bull, 60, pp.303~313 (2010)
- Hong SH, "Horizontal and vertical distribution of PCBs and chlorinated pesticides in sediments from Masan Bay, Korea", Mar Pollut Bul1, 46, pp.244~253 (2003)
- IARC, "overall evaluation of carcinogenicity: An updating of IAPC monographs", pp.1~477 (1984)
- Isobe T, "Distribution and behavior of nonylphenol, oc-tylphenol and nonylphenol monoethoxylate in Tokyo metropolitan area: Their association with aquatic particles and sedimentary distribution", Environ Sci Technol, 35, pp.1041~1049 (2001)
- Isobe KO, "Effect of environmental factors on the relation-ship between concentrations of coporstanol and fecal indicator bacteria in tropical (Mekong Delta) and temperate (Tokyo) Freshwaters", Appl Environ Micro-biol, 70, pp.814~821 (2004)
- Jonkers N, "Sources and fate of nonylphenol ethoxylates and their metabolites in the Dutch coastal zone of the North Sea", Mar Chem, 96, pp.115~135 (2005)
- Khim JS, "Characterization and distribution of trace organic contaminants in sediment from Masan Bay, Korea. 1. Instrumental analysis", Environ Sci Technol, 33, pp.4199~4205 (1999)
- Lara-Martin PA, "Sources, transport and reactivity of anionic and non-ionic surfactants in several aquatic ecosystems in SW Spain: A comparative study", Environ Pollut, 156, pp.36~45 (2008)
- LeBlac LA, "The Geochemistry of coprostanol in waters and surface sediments", Narragansett Bay Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 34, pp.439~458 (1992)
- Leeming R, "Using faecal sterols from humans and animals to distinguish faecal pollution in receiving waters", Wat Res, 30, pp.2893~2900 (1996)
- Leeming R, "Concentrations of coprostanol that correspond to existing bacterial indicator guideline limits", Wat Res, 30, pp.2997~3006 (1996)
- Li D, "Distribution characteristics of nonylphenols in the artificial Lake Shihwa, and surrounding creeks in Korea", Chemo-sphere, 56, pp.783~790 (2004)
- 문효방, "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Seawater and Marine Sediments from Mokpo Coast in Korea", 한국환경분석학회지, 10(2), pp.83~90 (2007), 한국환경분석학회
- Moon HB, "Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as a source of sediment contamination by toxic organic pollutants and fecal sterols in a semi-enclosed bay in Korea", Chemosphere, 73, pp.880~889 (2008)
- Mudge SM, "Sewage In: Environmental Forensics: A contaminant Specific Approach", pp.533~533 (2006), Elsevier
- Mudge SM, "Comparison of sterol biomarkers for sewage with other measures in Victoria Harbour, B.C., Canada", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 48, pp.27~38 (1999)
- Mudge SM, "Organic contamination of San Vicente Bay", Chile Mar Pollut Bul1, 38, pp.1001~1021 (1999)
- Naylor CG, "Alkylphenol ethoxylates in the environment", J Am Oil Chem Soc, 69, pp.695~703 (1992)
- Noblet JA, "Use of fecal steroids to infer the sources of fecal indicator bacteria in the Lower Santa Ana River Watershed, California: Sewage is unlikely a significant source", Environ Sci Technol, 38, pp.6002~6008 (2004)
- Peng XZ, "Spatial and temporal trend of sewage pollution indicated by coprostanol in Macao Estuary, southern China", Mar Pollut Bull, 45, pp.295~299 (2002)
- Pettersen H, "Impact of PAH outlets from an oil refinery on the receiving water area-sediment trap fluxes and multivariate statistical analysis", Mar Pollut Bull, 34, pp.85~95 (1997)
- Qiu YW, "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water column and sediment core of Deep Bay, South China", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 83, pp.60~66 (2009)
- Sicre MA, "Sources and transport of particulate hydrocarbons in the meso-tidal Changjiang Estuary", Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 37, pp.557~573 (1993)
- Shao B, "Nonyl-phenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates in River water, drinking water, and fish tissues in the Area of Chongqing, China", Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, 48, pp.467~473 (2005)
- "Marine Screening Benchmarks. US Environmental Protection Agency"[URL]
- Yim UH, "Spatio-temporal distribution and characteristics of PAHs in sediments from Masan Bay, Korea", Mar Pollut Bull, 50, pp.319~326 (2005)
- Zellenr A, "Munchener Beitrage zur Abwasser-, Fischerer- und Fluss-biologie", pp.50~55 (1997), Bayerisches Landesamt fur Wasser-wirischaft
